HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF NON NEOPLASTIC AND NEOPLASTIC LESIONS OF UTEROCERVIX IN NORTH WEST RAJASTHAN

Background: The female genital tract includes the uterine corpus, cervix, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Women worldwide suffer from gynaecologic and obstetric disorders that require hysterectomy as a treatment option. Hysterectomy is a definite treatment of pelvic pathology including fibroid, abnormal heavy bleeding, chronic pelvic pain, endometriosis, adenomyosis, uterine prolapse, pelvic inflammatory disease and cancer of reproductive organs. Hysterectomy specimens contribute a major component of histopathological work in Pathology laboratories. Methods: This is a prospective study carried out in the Department of Pathology, SPMC, Bikaner for two years from October 2018 to September 2020. All surgically excised hysterectomy specimens received by the department during study period were included in the study. Tissues were fixed and processed as per departmental protocols. Pieces taken from ectocervix, endocervix, uterine canal and fundus. Pieces also taken from any abnormal area. Tissue bits routinely processed 3 to 6 micron thick sections made from paraffin embedded blocks and were stained with H&E stain. Special stains will be done whenever necessary. Results: We included a total of 148 cases of hysterectomies received to our department during the study period in our study. Of total 148 cases, 87.83% hysterectomies were abdominal and 12.16% were vaginal and TAHBSO was the commonest procedure. In myometrium the most common finding was leiomyoma and adenomyosis with 79.73% and 43.92% cases respectively. In cervix, most cases were inflammatory lesions with chronic nonspecific cervicitis was the most common histopathological finding. Two cases (1.37%) of carcinoma cervix were reported. Conclusions: Most of the cases which underwent hysterectomy were for symptomatic untreatable benign conditions and few for malignancies. Majority of the cases were histopathologically consistent with clinical diagnosis. Histopathological examination and its correlative study with preoperative clinical diagnosis is very important. Thus, histopathological examination is still the gold standard test to diagnose and rule out malignancy and must be compulsory for all the surgical specimens. Keywords: Hysterectomy, Uterocervix, Pathology