Endometriosis y su relación en la salud física, emocional y calidad de vida de mujeres en edad reproductiva en América Latina: revisión de la evidencia científica, 2020–2025

Endometriosis y su relación en la salud física, emocional y calidad de vida de mujeres en edad reproductiva en América Latina: revisión de la evidencia científica, 2020–2025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.65415/0bezx222Palabras clave: Endometriosis; Dolor pélvico; Salud mental; Calidad de vida; Salud de la mujer.Resumen La endometriosis es una enfermedad ginecológica crónica que puede comprometer simultáneamente el funcionamiento físico, el bienestar emocional y la calidad de vida de las mujeres en edad reproductiva. El objetivo de esta revisión fue analizar la evidencia publicada entre 2020 y 2025 sobre dichas dimensiones en población latinoamericana. Se realizó una revisión de evidencia científica con síntesis narrativa y cribado estructurado a partir de 500 registros exportados de Dimensions el 30 de agosto de 2026; la verificación bibliográfica se apoyó en PubMed/MEDLINE, PubMed Central, SciELO y páginas editoriales. Se retuvieron 23 informes: 21 como evidencia directa de América Latina y 2 como evidencia iberoamericana complementaria. Entre los 21 estudios directos, 19 correspondieron a Brasil, uno a México y uno incluyó mujeres de 14 países latinoamericanos y caribeños. Los hallazgos mostraron asociaciones consistentes entre mayor intensidad o persistencia del dolor y peor calidad de vida, ansiedad, depresión, estrés, insomnio, limitación funcional y dificultades sexuales. También se identificaron estigma, menor participación física y afectación del piso pélvico. Intervenciones quirúrgicas, psicológicas y de electroterapia mostraron mejorías en dominios específicos, sin permitir inferir eficacia universal. La evidencia regional continúa concentrada geográficamente y es insuficiente para estimar con precisión el retraso diagnóstico o comparar países de manera robusta. Descargas Referencias Andres, M. P., Riccio, L. G. C., Abrao, H. M., Manzini, M. S., Braga, L., & Abrao, M. S. (2024). 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(2020). Endometriosis. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(13), 1244–1256. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1810764 Descargas Publicado Número Sección Licencia Derechos de autor 2026 Encalada Campos Grecia Elizabeth, Alvarado Cabanilla Mia Odalys, Caiza Escobar Noemi Damaris, Coello Contreras Emily Cristina, Izquierdo Castro Elizabeth Karen Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.