The role of the anti-Müllerian hormone/anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type II signaling pathway in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium in patients with deep endometriosis: A cross-sectional study

This cross-sectional study compared anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type II (AMHRII) expression in epithelial and stromal cells of eutopic endometrium versus ectopic endometriotic lesions (pelvic peritoneal foci and/or colonic infiltrates) in reproductive-age patients with deep infiltrative endometriosis (n=50) and a control group of women with tuboperitoneal infertility and surgically confirmed absence of endometriosis (n=9), alongside serum AMH measurement. AMHRII was expressed in both eutopic and ectopic tissues, with significantly higher AMHRII expression in eutopic stromal cells than in eutopic glandular cells across groups, and higher AMHRII in eutopic endometrium than in ectopic lesions in both glandular and stromal compartments; serum AMH did not differ overall, though it was lower in patients with more severe (III–IV) disease. The study reports only a weak inverse correlation between serum AMH and AMHRII expression in eutopic endometrial glandular cells and notes no significant stage-dependent differences in AMHRII. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it specifically analyzes AMH/AMHRII signaling in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of patients with deep infiltrative endometriosis.

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