Endemic disease, nutrition and fertility in developing countries

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 July 2008 The two main ways in which disease and nutrition can influence fertility are by reducing fecundity or by extending the birth interval. Fecundity refers to reproductive ability, that is the potential to breed, as compared to fertility which denotes actual childbearing (McFalls & McFalls, 1984). Reduced fecundity, which is usually referred to as subfecundity, results from impairment of any of the biological aspects of reproduction, including coital inability, conceptive failure as well as pregnancy loss. Subfecundity is only one factor operating to reduce fertility; other factors include those governing mate exposure (both formation and dissolution of unions as well as exposure to intercourse within unions) and birth control. - Type - Research Article - Information - Copyright - Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992 Barrett-Connor, E. (1969) Infections and pregnancy: a review. Southern med. J. 62, 275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed Belsey, M. (1979) Biological factors other than nutrition and lactation which may influence natural fertility: additional notes with particular reference in sub-Saharan Africa. In: Natural Fertility. Edited by Leridon, H. & Meaker, J.. Ordina, Liège.Google Scholar Eaton, J. & Mucha, J. (1971) Increased fertility in males with sickle cell trait. Nature, Lond. 231, 456.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed Epelboin, S. & Epelboin, A. (1979) Dangers of infection, pain and death. People, 6, 26.Google Scholar Frisch, R. E. (1990) Body fat, menarche, fitness and fertility. In: Adipose Tissue and Reproduction. Edited by Frisch, R. E.. Karger, Basel.Google Scholar McFalls, J. A. & McFalls, M. H. (1984) Disease and Fertility. Academic Press, Orlando.Google Scholar Muir, D. & Belsey, M. (1980) Pelvic inflammatory disease and its consequences in the developing world. Am. J. Obstet. Gynec. 138, 913.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed Schrifin, B., Erez, S. & Moore, J. (1973) Teen-age endometriosis. Am. J. Obstet. Gynec. 116, 973.Google Scholar Soong, Y-K., Lee, P-S., Kau, S-M., Lee, C-J. & Pao, C-C. (1990) Endocervical chlamydial deoxyribomucleic acid in infertile women. Fert. Steril. 54, 815.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed Spangler, D., Jones, G. & Jones, H. (1971) Infertility due to endometriosis. Am. J. Obstet. Gynec. 109, 850.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed Tau-Cody, K. R., Campbell, W. F., Dodson, M. G. & Minhas, B. S. (1988) Progesterone markedly enhances Chlamydia trachomatis inclusions in vitro and results in increased inflammation and productive infection in vivo. Fert. Steril. 50, S29.Google Scholar Wolff, H., Newbert, U., Zebhauser, M., Bezold, G., Korting, H. C. & Mewer, M. (1991) Chlamydia trachomatis induces an inflammatory response in the male genital tract as associated with altered semen quality. Fert. Steril. 55, 1017.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed - 9 - Cited by Cited by Crossref Citations SCOTT, SUSAN and DUNCAN, C. J. 2000. Interacting effects of nutrition and social class differentials on fertility and infant mortality in a pre-industrial population. Population Studies, Vol. 54, Issue. 1, p. 71. Sear, Rebecca Mace, Ruth and McGregor, Ian A. 2003. The Biodemography of Human Reproduction and Fertility. p. 135. Ombelet, William and Nargund, Geeta 2008. Textbook of Periconceptional Medicine. p. 261. Ombelet, W. Cooke, I. Dyer, S. Serour, G. and Devroey, P. 2008. Infertility and the provision of infertility medical services in developing countries. Human Reproduction Update, Vol. 14, Issue. 6, p. 605. Wiwanitkit, Viroj 2009. Abnormal menstruation in malaria: a short review. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vol. 280, Issue. 1, p. 1. Bassukas, Ioannis D. Gaitanis, Georgios and Hundeiker, Max 2012. Leprosy and the natural selection for psoriasis. Medical Hypotheses, Vol. 78, Issue. 1, p. 183. Breschi, Marco Fornasin, Alessio Manfredini, Matteo Pozzi, Lucia Rettaroli, Rosella and Scalone, Francesco 2014. Social and Economic Determinants of Reproductive Behavior Before the Fertility Decline. The Case of Six Italian Communities During the Nineteenth Century. European Journal of Population, Vol. 30, Issue. 3, p. 291. Wang, Ying Shao, Ruifeng He, Chihua and Chen, Ligang 2021. Emerging progress on diagnosis and treatment of female genital tuberculosis. Journal of International Medical Research, Vol. 49, Issue. 5, 2022. Anatomical Causes of Infertility Diagnosed Using Imaging Tests in A Group of 100 Women. Khalij-Libya Journal of Dental and Medical Research, p. 24.