Effect of surgical menopause and estrogen replacement on cytokine release from human blood mononuclear cells.

R Pacifici, Robert E. Pacifici, C Brown, Christopher Brown, Elizabeth E. Puscheck, E Puscheck, E Friedrich, E Slatopolsky, D Maggio, R McCracken, Ruth McCracken, L V Avioli, Louis V. Avioli
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1991 · vol. 88(12) , pp. 5134–5138 · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.12.5134 · PMID:2052592 · W2058362889
article OA: green CC0 ⤵ 3 in-corpus citations
View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher

Abstract

To determine whether mononuclear cell secretory products contribute to the changes in bone turnover that characterize the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis, we evaluated the effects of oophorectomy and subsequent estrogen replacement on the spontaneous secretion of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and on the phytohemagglutinin A-induced secretion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In 15 healthy premenopausal women who underwent oophorectomy, increases in GM-CSF activity were observed as early as 1 week after surgery, whereas elevations in IL-1 and TNF-alpha and in hydroxyproline/creatinine and calcium/creatinine ratios, two urinary indices of bone resorption, were detectable 2 weeks after the surgical procedure. Six of the oophorectomized women received no estrogen therapy after surgery and in these subjects hydroxyproline/creatinine and calcium/creatinine ratios plateaued 6 weeks postoperatively, and all three cytokines reached the highest levels 8 weeks after oophorectomy, when the study ended. In the remaining 9 women, who were started on estrogen replacement therapy 4 weeks after oophorectomy, decreases in the indices of bone resorption paralleled decreases in the secretion of the cytokines, with lower levels detected after 2 weeks of therapy. In the women who did not receive estrogen therapy, circulating osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, increased beyond preoperative levels 8 weeks after oophorectomy, whereas in the estrogen-treated subjects osteocalcin remained unchanged in the entire study period. In 9 female controls who underwent simple hysterectomy, cytokine release and biochemical indices of bone turnover did not change after surgery. These data indicate that changes in estrogen status in vivo are associated with the secretion of mononuclear cell immune factors in vitro and suggest that alterations in the local production of bone-acting cytokines may underlie changes in bone turnover caused by surgically induced menopause and estrogen replacement.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Citation neighborhood (sparse)

Too few in-corpus citations on either side for a chart; here are the lists.

Cites (2)

Cited by (3)

References (56)

Cited by (3)

SciLite annotations

chemicals 10
estrogen estrogen hydroxyproline creatinine calcium estrogen hydroxyproline estrogen estrogen estrogen
organisms 3
human noordeloos 2009062 noordeloos 2009062

Source provenance

crossref
last seen: 2026-05-17T01:00:29.734140+00:00
europepmc
last seen: 2026-06-04T01:30:01.192114+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
scilite
last seen: 2026-05-18T04:25:29.313245+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK