Role of lactobacteria at endometriosis

and methods. In a study by a group led by Hiroyuki, treatment with oral Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2809 was used at experimental endometriosis in mice. The authors obtained the result of suppression of the development of experimental endometriosis, explaining this by the ability of lactobacilli to stimulate IL -12-induced NK activation. In 2011, the same group of authors published the results of a double randomized, placebo -controlled study of the effect of Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2809 on the severity of menstrual pain and manifestations of dysmenorrhea in women with endometriosis associated with infertility. As in the previous study, this study used an oral probiotic, and the results were evaluated on a point scale and showed a probable reduction in pain and dysmenorrhea after taking the Lactobacillus preparation. In addition, this group of scientists conducted monitoring of the course endometriosis by monitoring the level of CA -125 in the blood, which also showed probable decrease. The results obtained by the aforementioned group of authors also explains from the standpoint of NK ac tivation and their destruction of endometrioid foci ectopy cytotoxic activity of NK isolated from women with endometriosis, associated with infertility, in relation to endometrioid culture cells, which in itself was a major breakthrough for the prospect th e use of bacteria in the complex treatment of endometriosis. This effect of NK stimulation by bacterial agents followed by a decrease manifestations of endometriosis was shown even earlier on the example of mycobacteria. In 2004, R.D. Clayton and Sang showed the ability of mycobacteria to increase cytotoxic activity of NK isolated from women with endometriosis, associated with infertility, in relation to endometrioid culture cells, which in itself was a major breakthrough for the prospect the use of bacteri a in the complex treatment of endometriosis. Results. The obtained results can be explained by relying on the known studies of many scientists, in particular H. Itoh et al. (2011) who state that drugs lactobacilli have a significant ability to cause NK act ivation, with amplification synthesis of IL -12, while reducing excessive synthesis of pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-2, IL-1β, IL-6 (definitely transplant induced, why there is other scientific evidence) and, which is of particular importance - VEGF, because this growth factor is recognized as one of the main culprits of endometrioid growth. In general, the results coincided with the following in the group by H. Itoh (2011), despite methodological differences, assessment approaches and methods and other works describing the anti-inflammatory potential of lactobacilli. The research data can be considered as a positive result of preclinical use of probiotics containing lactobacilli for the treatment of endometriosis. 233 Conclusions. Therefore, it can be argued that lactobacillus preparations have significant ability to cause NK activation, with increased synthesis of IL -12 These research data can be considered as a positive result of preclinical the use of probiotics containing lactobacilli for the treatment of endometriosis. Berbets A.M. PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS AND MELATONIN CHANGES IN CASE OF SLEEP DISORDERS PRESENCE Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine Introduction. The pineal gland produces the important hormone melatonin, which maintains the human body's circadian rhythm. Melatonin is also produced by the placenta in pregnant women. The effect of melatonin deficiency in case of pregnancy disorders, such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) of fetus and preeclampsia (PE), has been insufficiently studied. The aim of the study: to research the available data concerning sleep disorders at pregnancy and their clinical significance.

and methods. We analyzed the recent publications dedicated to the problem. Results. In analyzed papers, the relevant information is presented as follows: the morning concentration of melatonin in the blood of pregnant women with IUGR significantly reduces, compared to healthy pregnant women, which authors cons ider to be caused mostly by placental dysfunction. Changes in the functioning of the pineal gland in patients with IUGR are clinically expressed as sleep disorders and confirmed by a significant decrease of melatonin concentrations in saliva taken at night, in comparison with women with non-complicated pregnancies. Sleep disorders in women with IUGR manifest early during pregnancy, mostly during 22 nd–30th week. Changes in melatonin concentrations in such patients are accompanied by the lowering of the concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF) in blood and with increase of the blood levels of cytokines, namely proinflammatory TNF-α, IL-1-β and IL-6, compared to healthy pregnant women. In placental tissue melatonin receptors 1A and 1B are significantly less expressed in the case that pregnancy is complicated with IUGR, which is confirmed by changes in the optical density of these receptors. In publicat ions dedicated to preeclampsia, it is stated that the morning concentrations of melatonin and PlGF were also significantly lower in the blood of women with PE compared to healthy pregnant women. The authors suggest that alterations in the placental product ion of melatonin and PlGF may contribute to the development of preeclampsia. In contrast, higher levels of the pro -inflammatory cytokine interleukin -6 (IL -6) and the anti -inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL -10) were observed in preeclampsia patients' blood, compared to the healthy pregnant women. Significant sleep disorders were also described in patients with PE. Conclusions. Melatonin is a hormone that plays a very important role in the mechanisms of development of such pregnancy complications as IUG R and PE. Further studies are needed to describe its role in the pathways of mentioned disorders of human pregnancy. Sleep disorders, if present in a pregnant patient, should not be ignored by clinicians. Dubyk L.V. RISK GROUPS OF RECURRENT PREGNANCY LOSS Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Bukovinian State Medical University Introduction. Pregnancy loss is a spontaneous loss of a pregnancy. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the frequency of an early pregnancy loss is 20 to 25%. A diagnosis of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) could be considered after the loss of two or more p regnancies. This includes pregnancies after spontaneous conception and after assisted reproduction. It is estimated that RPL affects 1 to 2% of couples. Around half of all the fertilized eggs die and are lost (aborted) spontaneously, usually before the wom an knows she is pregnant. Among women who