PO-24 | Inflammatory signatures of comorbid episodic migraine and endometriosis: a cytokine-based analysis

Società Italiana per lo Studio delle Cefalee
In: Confinia Cephalalgica · 2025 · doi:10.4081/cc.2025.15846 · W4416240940
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This study found that women with both episodic migraine and endometriosis exhibit significantly elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicating a shared inflammatory pathway that intensifies symptom severity.

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This conference poster analyzed inflammatory cytokine patterns in participants with comorbid episodic migraine and endometriosis using a cytokine-based approach. The key finding reported is that distinct inflammatory signatures were observed in the comorbid condition compared with relevant comparison groups, indicating differences in cytokine profiles. A major limitation is that, as a poster abstract, the report provides limited methodological and statistical detail compared with a full manuscript. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically, it examines inflammatory cytokine signatures in people with comorbid episodic migraine and endometriosis.

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Abstract

Background: Migraine and endometriosis are two chronic, often comorbid conditions that significantly affect women’s health. While both are influenced by hormonal factors, mounting evidence points to systemic inflammation as a shared pathophysiological mechanism; yet the biological link between them has remained elusive. This study explored inflammatory cytokine profiles in women with migraine, endometriosis, or both, and their association with symptom severity and functional impact. Methods: We enrolled female patients admitted to the Endometriosis Unit and the Headache Center of Tor Vergata University Hospital of Rome and diagnosed with only episodic migraine, with only endometriosis or with concomitant episodic migraine and endometriosis. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured in plasma and correlations with clinical parameters were performed. Results: Women with episodic migraine showed elevated circulating levels of key pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), compared to healthy controls. These inflammatory markers were even more pronounced in participants with both migraine and endometriosis, pointing to a synergistic effect of the two conditions on systemic inflammation. IL-1β levels correlated strongly with headache frequency and disability scores, while IL-6 and TNF-α were associated with both migraine severity and pelvic pain. Women with endometriosis alone did not exhibit comparable cytokine elevations, suggesting that inflammation is uniquely amplified in the presence of comorbidity. In parallel, changes in leukocyte distribution, including a higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, further supported a state of immune activation exclusive to the comorbid group. Conclusion: These findings provide the first biological evidence of a shared inflammatory endotype in women suffering from both migraine and endometriosis that may contribute to the increased symptom burden and their comobrbidity, underscoring the need for integrative approaches in diagnosis and management.
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SISC-Poster Vol. 35 No. S1 (2025): 39° Conference of the Italian Society for the Study of Headaches (SISC) PO-24 | Inflammatory signatures of comorbid episodic migraine and endometriosis: a cytokine-based analysis Maria Albanese,1,2 Veronica Ceci,3,4 Giulia Carrera,4,5 Aikaterini Selntigia,6 Caterina Exacoustos,6 Marta Tiberi,4 Stefano Saracini,3,4 Alessandro Matteocci,4,7 Nicola Biagio Mercuri,1,2,8 Valerio Chiurchiù3,4 | 1Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome; 2Regional Referral Headache Center, Neurology Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome; 3Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome; 4Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome; 5PhD Program in Neuroscience, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome; 6Department of Surgical Sciences, Gynecological Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome; 7PhD program in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied biotechnologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome; 9Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy Publisher's note All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. Published: 6 November 2025 249 Views 0 Downloads

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