Catamenial pneumothorax caused by diaphragmatic stromal endometriosis
Case report
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⤵ 9 in-corpus citations
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This paper describes a case of catamenial pneumothorax in a 40-year-old woman attributed to diaphragmatic stromal endometriosis, confirmed by histology and hormone receptor positivity.
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Abstract
A case of catamenial pneumothorax caused by stromal endometriosis of the diaphragm is described. A 40-year-old woman suffered two episodes of right-sided pneumothorax which occurred after onset of menstruation. Thoracoscopy revealed brownish spots in the right diaphragm and partial excision of the diaphragm was performed. Histological examination showed that the lesion was characterized by sheets of cells resembling endometrial stromal cells, small thin-walled blood vessels and extravasated erythrocytes in varying proportions. Some clusters of these cells were transmural. No endometrial-type glands were found. Immunohistochemically, the nuclei of the endometrial stromal cells were strongly positive for both estrogen and progesterone receptors. Therapy with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue was started and the patient has since been asymptomatic for 6 months. Pathologists should not overlook diaphragmatic stromal endometriosis as a possible cause of pneumothorax.
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References (14)
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- doi:10.1378/chest.98.3.713 via openalex
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Cited by (8)
- The Importance of Stromal Endometriosis in Thoracic Endometriosis 2021
- Diaphragmatic endometriosis minimally invasive treatment: a feasible and effective approach 2020
- Laparoscopic En Bloc Right Diaphragmatic Peritonectomy for Diaphragmatic Endometriosis According to the Sugarbaker Technique 2016
- Massive hemothorax due to diaphragmatic endometriosis after a laparoscopic cystectomy of an ovarian endometrioma in a patient without a history of thoracic endometriosis 2012
- Endometriosis 2009
- Asymmetry in distribution of diaphragmatic endometriotic lesions: evidence in favour of the menstrual reflux theory 2007
- Catamenial pneumothorax revisited: clinical approach and systematic review of the literature 2004
- Diaphragmatic endometriosis: diagnosis, surgical management, and long-term results of treatment 2002
Source provenance
- europepmc
- last seen: 2026-10-12T06:17:10.165071+00:00
- openalex
- last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
- pubmed
- last seen: 2026-10-08T20:59:07.345995+00:00
- unpaywall
- last seen: 2026-10-12T06:33:14.382917+00:00
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