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Data availability
Data is available at 10.15151/ESRF-DC-2212115072.
References
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Funding
This project has been made possible in part by grant number 2022-316777 from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative DAF, an advised fund of Silicon Valley Community Foundation, and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility BM18 beamtimes MD-1389 & MD-1290. This research was funded in part by the Wellcome Trust (209553/Z/17/Z and 227835/Z/23/Z). J.J. was also supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre. This project has also been made possible in part by grant number CZIF2024-009938 from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Foundation. This study was performed with funding from the Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute (AR&D grant number 2024.01.005).
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Given the complexity of the project and the collaborative effort across multiple institutes, many individuals contributed to this project. In consultation with prof. A.W. Griffioen, we decided to include a group of authors additional to the six main co-authors (V.M. , A.S. , J.J. , H.D., B.B., J.H.). The authors of this group are collectively listed on the title page under the name of HOAHub Uterine Consortium. V.M. managed this project and wrote the main manuscript text under supervision of B.B. and J.H. A.S. and J.J. were involved in the development of the 3D uterine vasculature models by training a nnU-Net algrotihm. H.D. made the HiP-CT scans of the uterus, as he is a technician at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble. Author 7 t/m 24 are members of the HOAHub Uterine Consortrium. J.H., L.J. (author 9), N.B. (author 10), R.S. (author 11), J.H.V. (author 12), and N.D. (author 13) were involved in the sample collection and preparation. Y.D. (author 7) and D.D. (author 8) visited ESRF for scanning. ESRF technicians as H.J., J.B. (author 18), T.U. (author 19), J.P. (author 20), and P.T. (author 23) guided them during the scanning process. All other authors contributed to the creation of the Human Organ Atlas Hub, a consortium that aims to scan human organs using syncrothon based high-resolution X-ray imaging. This project is one of the HOAHub projects. All authors had the opportunity to review the final version of the manuscript.
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J.J. declares consultancy fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, NHSX; fees from advisory Boards for Boehringer Ingelheim, F. Hoffmann-La Roche; lecture fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Takeda; grant funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Wellcome Trust (209553/Z/17/Z and 227835/Z/23/Z), Microsoft Research, Gilead Sciences, Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZIF2024-009938).
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Michels, V.M.W., Szmul, A., Jacob, J. et al. Revealing the unseen: 3D synchrotron X-Ray imaging of uterine vasculature in adenomyosis. Angiogenesis 29, 3 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10456-025-10004-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10456-025-10004-w
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