Microwave power and duration without extrauterine thermal damage in microwave endomyometrial ablation at 2.45 GHz
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This study determined that microwave power and duration settings of < or = 64.5 W for 100 s were sufficient to achieve therapeutic ablation without damaging extrauterine organs during endomyometrial ablation.
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Abstract
AIM: We investigated microwave power and duration of use, which does not affect extrauterine organs, in order to treat organic menorrhagia caused by myomas or adenomyosis. METHODS: Electric fields around a microwave applicator at a frequency of 2.45 GHz were calculated using the finite element method with commercially available software for analysis of electromagnetic fields. Transient temperature distributions around the applicator were obtained by numerically solving the bioheat transfer equation during microwave irradiation for 120 s in the human uterus and swine liver. We compared areas enclosed by the 60 degrees C isotherm obtained using numerical simulations and necrosis areas after microwave irradiation. Postoperative avascular areas in a Gd-enhanced MRI of a uterus enlarged by adenomyosis after clinical microwave endomyometrial ablation were compared with numerical simulations. RESULTS: There was good agreement between the calculated results and the experiments. At 40 W of output power for 50 s of duration and 64.5 W for 100 s, the depth of the necrotized uterine wall did not increase beyond 7 mm and 11 mm, respectively, either in the calculations or the experiments. Generally, the 50 degrees C isotherm was located approximately 2 mm external to the 60 degrees C isotherm in temperature distributions. The Gd-enhanced MRI after the operation depicted avascular areas, which agreed with the results of numerical simulations. CONCLUSIONS: The myometrial portion of a uterine wall > or = 13 mm throughout the uterus irradiated for < or = 64.5 W for 100 s is sufficient to avoid thermal damage of the extrauterine organs during microwave endomyometrial ablation.
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Cites (2)
- Microwave endometrial ablation: development, clinical trials and outcomes at three years 1999
- Adenomyosis: Diagnosis by Hysteroscopic Endomyometrial Biopsy, Correlation of Incidence and Severity with Menorrhagia 1998
Cited by (4)
- Clinical practice and short-term efficacy of 2.45-GHz microwave endometrial ablation to treat menorrhagia 2015
- Day surgery for nodular adenomyosis by microwave endometrial ablation in office-based gynecology 2014
- Transcervical Interstitial Microwave Ablation Therapy for the Treatment of Adenomyosis: A Novel Alternative to Hysterectomy 2014
- Application of Microwave Ablation at a Frequency of 2.45 GHz to the Uterus: Present and Future 2012
References (15)
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Cited by (4)
- Clinical practice and short-term efficacy of 2.45-GHz microwave endometrial ablation to treat menorrhagia 2015
- Day surgery for nodular adenomyosis by microwave endometrial ablation in office-based gynecology 2014
- Transcervical Interstitial Microwave Ablation Therapy for the Treatment of Adenomyosis: A Novel Alternative to Hysterectomy 2014
- Application of Microwave Ablation at a Frequency of 2.45 GHz to the Uterus: Present and Future 2012
Source provenance
- europepmc
- last seen: 2026-07-04T06:08:07.471253+00:00
- openalex
- last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
- pubmed
- last seen: 2026-05-13T22:15:29.922408+00:00
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