Refractory thoracic endometriosis

Nishant Sharma, Todhe P, Pandi Todhe, Pius Ochieng, Ochieng P, Srinivasarao Ramakrishna, Ramakrishna S
BMJ case reports · 2020 · vol. 13(8) , pp. e235965 · doi:10.1136/bcr-2020-235965 · PMID:32816934 · PMC7437689 · W3066514265
article OA: bronze CC0 ⤵ 7 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-13 ⓘ

This case report describes a young woman with refractory thoracic endometriosis successfully treated with chemical pleurodesis after failed mechanical pleurodesis and hormonal therapy.

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Abstract

Thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES) is a rare entity caused by thoracic implantation of endometrial tissue, manifesting as catamenial pneumothorax, pleural effusion and haemoptysis in young female individuals. Its management and long-term prevention of recurrences, can be challenging. We present the case of a young woman who presented with recurrent pneumothorax, haemopneumothorax and pleural effusion. The diagnosis of TES was confirmed based on cytological findings of pleural fluid. She underwent treatment with mechanical pleurodesis twice but continued to have recurrences. Hormonal treatment failed to produce a satisfactory resolution. She underwent chemical pleurodesis, which successfully induced remission of her TES. A review of the literature suggests that chemical pleurodesis produces better results compared with mechanical pleurodesis and that hormonal treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists is effective at preventing recurrences.

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Condition tags

endometriosisthoracic_endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Thoracic Diseases Adult Biopsy Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Female Humans Intubation Recurrence Thoracentesis Thoracic Diseases Thoracic Diseases Thoracic Diseases Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (22)

Cited by (7)

Source provenance

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License: CC0 · commercial use OK