Risk Factors for Endometriosis: Menstrual and Life-Style Characteristics

Kathleen G. Waller, Robert W. Shaw
In: Medical Principles and Practice · 1998 · vol. 7(2) , pp. 127–133 · doi:10.1159/000026033 · W1972086881
Observational OA: bronze CC0 ⤵ 6 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-06-06 ⓘ

This case-control study found that double protection during menses, shorter menstrual cycles, and having a first-degree relative with endometriosis are significant risk factors for developing the condition.

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Abstract

Objective: To investigate possible risk factors for the development of endometriosis. Study Design: A case control study of 147 women with a new diagnosis of endometriosis, and 131 normal controls recruited from well women clinics. Controls were screened for the presence of symptoms of endometriosis. The setting was two tertiary referral centres for endometriosis and surrounding community clinics. Results: There was a significant positive association between double protection at menses and endometriosis (OR = 3.1), and a significant trend for cases to have shorter menstrual cycles. There was a greatly increased risk of endometriosis in those with an affected first-degree relative. Conclusions: Menstrual patterns producing a greater number of bleeding days are shown to be associated with a greater risk of endometriosis.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

Citation neighborhood (2-hop)

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. Outer rings show 2-hop neighbours — papers reached through the immediate citers/citees. [ collapse to 1-hop ]

References (17)

Cited by (6)

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