Clinicopathologic review of extrapelvic endometriosis
This review evaluates the clinicopathologic features of extrapelvic endometriosis to aid in diagnosis and treatment.
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This clinicopathologic review analyzed 30 surgically diagnosed cases of extrapelvic endometriosis from a single center (1998–2010), extracting demographics, symptoms, preoperative diagnoses, and past surgical history from medical records. The main presentation was a painful palpable mass, with more than half showing cyclic pain (67% overall), and many lesions occurred in surgical scars, especially cesarean section sites (15 endometriomas in prior scars), with additional cases in episiotomy sites and the cervix (10 cases), plus rare inguinal and vaginal lesions. The authors report that preoperative diagnosis was difficult because of rarity and symptom diversity; MRI was used in 20 patients, and among those with MRI, only 6 were correctly estimated preoperatively, while some lesions did not show typical imaging features. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — a clinicopathologic review focused specifically on extrapelvic endometriosis patterns and diagnostic challenges, which are relevant to endometriosis (not adenomyosis).
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