Matrix metalloproteinase-9 increases and Interleukin-10 reduces with increase in body mass index in polycystic ovary syndrome: A cross-sectional study

Angel Mercy Sylus; Sylus AM; Hanumanthappa Nandeesha; Nandeesha H; Chitra T; Thiagaraju Chitra

doi:10.18502/ijrm.v13i8.7502

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 increases and Interleukin-10 reduces with increase in body mass index in polycystic ovary syndrome: A cross-sectional study

Angel Mercy Sylus, Sylus AM, Hanumanthappa Nandeesha, Nandeesha H, Chitra T, Thiagaraju Chitra

International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2020 · vol. 18(8) , pp. 605–610 · doi:10.18502/ijrm.v13i8.7502 · PMID:32923927 · PMC7457150

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This cross-sectional study of sixty-two infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome found that serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels increased and interleukin-10 levels decreased as body mass index rose.

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This cross-sectional study evaluated serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and nitric oxide in 62 women with polycystic ovary syndrome, stratified by body mass index. The researchers found that higher BMI was significantly associated with increased MMP-9 levels and decreased IL-10 concentrations, while no significant difference in nitric oxide levels was observed across the groups. Although the study excluded participants with endometriosis to isolate PCOS-related markers, it highlights how obesity exacerbates inflammatory and tissue remodeling pathways relevant to reproductive dysfunction in this population. Relevance to endometriosis: explicitly excluded as a diagnostic criterion for study participants, though the measured inflammatory markers are also implicated in endometriosis pathogenesis.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Obesity, inflammation and alterations in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and nitric oxide (NO) levels are involved in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of MMP-9, NO and interleukin-10 (IL-10) with the increase in body mass index (BMI) in women with PCOS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty two infertile PCOS women were included in the study. Serum levels of NO, IL-10 and MMP-9 were assessed in the women with increase in BMI. RESULTS: MMP-9 was significantly increased (p = 0.029) and IL-10 (p = 0.015) was significantly reduced in obese PCOS subjects compared to those with lesser BMI. MMP-9 levels positively correlated with the duration of infertility (r = 0.253, p = 0.047) and negatively correlated with NO levels (r = - 0.259, p = 0.042). A significant negative correlation between the interleukin-10 levels and the BMI (r = - 0.272, p = 0.033) was also found in the PCOS subjects. CONCLUSION: MMP-9 levels are increased in obese PCOS women and it is associated with NO levels and the duration of infertility.

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The present study concludes that as BMI increases MMP-9 is increased and IL-10 is reduced in PCOS subjects. The association of MMP-9 with NO and duration of infertility indicates that high MMP-9 levels may cause endothelial dysfunction which might be responsible for complications in PCOS subjects with obesity. Further studies are required to investigate whether weight reduction reduces MMP-9 levels and the complications of PCOS in obese subjects.

Coi Statement

The authors report no conflict of interest.

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