Total Laparoscopic Ureteroneocystostomy for Ureteral Endometriosis: A Single-Center Experience of 160 Consecutive Patients

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of laparoscopic ureteroneocystostomy in patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) with ureteral, parametrial, and bowel involvement. DESIGN: Prospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: Tertiary referral center for endometriosis care. PATIENTS: One hundred sixty patients with DIE underwent laparoscopic radical eradication and ureteroneocystostomy between January 2009 and December 2016. INTERVENTIONS: Laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical treatment with ureteroneocystostomy, parametrectomy, and, if necessary, segmental bowel resection. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Surgical eradication was radical, and ureteral endometriosis was histologically confirmed in all patients (45.6% intrinsic and 54.4% extrinsic). In 58.7% of patients ureteroneocystostomy was performed with the psoas hitch technique. Bowel resection was performed in 121 patients (75.6%), and 115 of them had a concomitant ileostomy (71.9%). Unilateral parametrectomy was performed on the left side in 61.9% of patients and on the right side in 30% of patients, respectively, whereas bilateral parametrectomy was completed in 33 patients (20.6%). Postoperative complications were infrequent: 7 patients underwent reoperation (4.4%), 8 patients experienced fever (5%), 4 patients required blood transfusion (2.5%), 3 patients had intestinal fistulas (1.9%), and 24 patients experienced impaired bladder voiding (15%) after 6 months. Mean follow-up time was 20.5 months (range, 1-60). The study reported good clinical and surgical results, with a regression of symptoms (p < .001) and recurrence of parametrial endometriosis of 1.2% that required opposite-side ureteroneocystostomy. CONCLUSION: This is the largest documented series of patients with DIE undergoing laparoscopic radical eradication and ureteroneocystostomy. The collected data show that in patients with ureteral endometriosis, this technique is feasible, effective, and safe and provides good results in terms of relapses and symptoms' control.