The Potential of Vitamin D and Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) for the Treatment of Uterine Fibroids: Evidence From In Vitro to Clinical Studies

Uterine fibroids are prevalent benign tumors of the female reproductive tract that cause significant morbidity. Accumulating evidence suggests an association between vitamin D deficiency and uterine fibroid prevalence. Vitamin D, synthesized through sunlight exposure and obtained from fatty fish and fortified foods, regulates key processes, such as cell proliferation and apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the efficacy of vitamin D against uterine fibroids. Clinical evidence further supports its role in fibroid management, as evidenced by a decrease in fibroid incidence, volume, and growth rate. Similarly, EGCG, a major polyphenol in green tea, inhibits cell proliferation and fibrosis while inducing apoptosis. Both in vitro and in vivo studies reveal the potential of EGCG in fibroid treatment, with clinical trials corroborating these findings. Given their complementary mechanisms, a synergistic effect of combined vitamin D and EGCG treatment has been explored. Preliminary clinical evidence indicates promising results, including reduction in fibroid volume, improved surgical outcomes, and enhanced quality of life. This review synthesizes current knowledge of vitamin D and EGCG mechanisms of action, presents preclinical and clinical evidence, and discusses the emerging evidence for their combination therapy as a non-invasive, cost-effective treatment strategy for uterine fibroids. Conflicts of Interest I.P. has nothing to disclose. S.E. has nothing to disclose. A.A. has nothing to disclose. V.I.M. has nothing to disclose. J.H.S. is, or was, a PI on research sponsored by Bayer, Organon LLC, or Myovant, and serves as a scientific advisor/consultant for Cadenza Bio and Blueprint Medicines Corporation. M.S.I. has nothing to disclose. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Google Scholar and Pubmed.

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Licchelli, et al., “The Impact of Epigallocatechin Gallate, Vitamin D, and D-Chiro-Inositol on Early Surgical Outcomes of Laparoscopic Myomectomy: A Pilot Study,” Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 309 (2024): 1021–1026. Article Metrics Total unique accesses to an article’s full text in HTML or PDF/ePDF format.More metric information Scite metrics Explore this article's citation statements on scite.ai Share QR Code Generating QR code QR code copied to clipboard! Something went wrong while generating your QR code. Please try again in a moment. If the issue persists, refresh the page or contact support. Export citation Unable to load citation data. Please try again in a moment. How to cite Elkins, L. J., & Spiegelman, M. (2021). pyUserCalc: A revised Jupyter notebook calculator for uranium-series disequilibria in basalts. 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