The Potential of Vitamin D and Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) for the Treatment of Uterine Fibroids: Evidence From In Vitro to Clinical Studies

Ioanna Ploumaki, Samya El Sayed, Awurakua Asamoah‐Mensah, Valeria I. Macri, James H. Segars, Md Soriful Islam
In: Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · 2025 · vol. 69(22) , pp. e70231 · doi:10.1002/mnfr.70231 · PMID:40887800 · W4413869686
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Abstract

Uterine fibroids are prevalent benign tumors of the female reproductive tract that cause significant morbidity. Accumulating evidence suggests an association between vitamin D deficiency and uterine fibroid prevalence. Vitamin D, synthesized through sunlight exposure and obtained from fatty fish and fortified foods, regulates key processes, such as cell proliferation and apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the efficacy of vitamin D against uterine fibroids. Clinical evidence further supports its role in fibroid management, as evidenced by a decrease in fibroid incidence, volume, and growth rate. Similarly, EGCG, a major polyphenol in green tea, inhibits cell proliferation and fibrosis while inducing apoptosis. Both in vitro and in vivo studies reveal the potential of EGCG in fibroid treatment, with clinical trials corroborating these findings. Given their complementary mechanisms, a synergistic effect of combined vitamin D and EGCG treatment has been explored. Preliminary clinical evidence indicates promising results, including reduction in fibroid volume, improved surgical outcomes, and enhanced quality of life. This review synthesizes current knowledge of vitamin D and EGCG mechanisms of action, presents preclinical and clinical evidence, and discusses the emerging evidence for their combination therapy as a non-invasive, cost-effective treatment strategy for uterine fibroids.

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chemicals 57
vitamin d catechin vitamin d vitamin d polyphenol vitamin d vitamin d vitamin d calcium polyphenol catechin catechin estrogen galactosylproteoglycan progesterone estradiol steroid hydroxyl vitamin d2 doxercalciferol d3 vitamins doxercalciferol ergosterol panaquinquecol 7 cholesterol 7-aminocholesterol previtamin d3 previtamin d3 calcidiol calcitriol 24,25-didehydrovitamin d3 calcitroic acid retinoic acid serine sex hormone 25-dehydrovitamin d3 palmitoyl amino acid carbohydrate fructuronic acids carbonate mineral polyphenol catechin phytochelatin 2 chromanes gallic acid ester gallate electron silicate ion iron copper oxygen theaflavin-3-gallate vitamin b6 inositol catechol glutamic semialdehyde
organisms 19
crossopterygii noordeloos 2009062 thea sinensis mosquito plant plants specimen-voucher:nrrl:y:12796 humans multicellular animals human zitter rats rodents rattus sp. stachytarpheta jamaicensis wsp 69636 stachytarpheta jamaicensis transgenic mice tetrao californicus stubble quail slender amaranth

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