Clinical and cytological studies on a case of anal endometriosis.

This paper reports a clinical and cytological examination of a single 32-year-old woman with anal endometriosis (external endometriosis), whose main complaint was anal pain and who had a finger-tip–sized mass in the anal region (11 o’clock). The authors describe difficulties of preoperative diagnosis and emphasize that detailed history and careful physical examination are needed, while stating that fine-needle aspiration cytology can be a useful diagnostic method. Impression-smear cytology showed two main cell populations: epithelial cells with abundant basophilic cytoplasm suggesting mucus production and orderly sheet-like nuclei, and smaller round/oval stromal cells with moderate uniform chromatin centered around lymphatic cells. The paper also notes that the observed cytology reflects the corresponding tissue findings, and it emphasizes avoiding overly invasive surgery to preserve anal function. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it specifically examines the clinical presentation and cytological features of anal endometriosis.

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