Antiapoptotic and antioxidative effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles on the testicular tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: An experimental study.

Solgi T, Amiri I, Asl SS, Saidijam M, Seresht BM, Tayebe Artimani
International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2021 · doi:10.18502/ijrm.v19i7.9465 · PMID:34458667 · PMC8387707
Lab / animal OA: gold CC-BY-4.0
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Cerium oxide nanoparticles reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the testes of diabetic rats by modulating BAX, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 levels.

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This experimental study investigated the protective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles on testicular tissue damage induced by streptozotocin in male Wistar rats. The researchers found that nanoparticle treatment significantly reduced oxidative stress markers, such as malondialdehyde, while restoring total thiol levels and modulating apoptotic pathways by upregulating Bcl-2 and downregulating BAX and Caspase-3 expression. These results indicate that cerium oxide nanoparticles mitigate diabetes-associated testicular injury through their antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

BackgroundCerium dioxide nanoparticles (CNPs) due to the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities are proposed for the treatment of oxidative stress-associated diseases.ObjectiveTo examine the impact of CNPs on hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in the testis of diabetic rats.Materials and methodsTwenty-four male rats were divided into four groups (n = 6/each) as diabetic rats, CNPs group, diabetic + CNPs rats, and controls. The control group was fed only mouse food and water. Rats became diabetic through receiving streptozotocin (STZ) 60 mg/kg. CNPs were given to the rats at a dose of 30 mg/kg daily for 2 wk. Malondialdehyde and total thiol group (TTG) levels were measured using spectrofluorometer. Expression of b-cell lymphoma protein 2-associated X protein (BAX) and b-cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2) were investigated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis was used to examine caspase 3 protein levels.ResultsThe content of malondialdehyde significantly increased in the STZ-diabetic rats, while TTG levels demonstrated a remarkable decrease. Caspase-3, BAX, and BAX/Bcl-2 mRNA ratio raised significantly in the STZ-diabetic rats. On the other hand, Bcl-2 mRNA levels reduced in the testis of diabetic rats (p = 0.006). Intervention with CNPs caused a substantial increase in the TTG levels, while the malondialdehyde contents, caspase-3, BAX levels, as well as BAX/Bcl-2 mRNA ratio were considerably decreased following CNPs treatment. Administration of CNPs increased mRNA levels of Bcl-2 (p < 0.0001).ConclusionCNPs treatment attenuates testicular apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by diabetes. This nanoparticle might be suggested for the treatment of diabetes-associated reproductive disorders.
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In the present study, STZ-induced diabetic rats exhibited elevation of oxidative stress identified by higher levels of MDA and lower TTG levels. Moreover, STZ caused a significant rise in the apoptotic cells associated with the upregulation of proapoptotic BAX and downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 genes, and higher expression of Caspase-3 in the testes. CNPs administration considerably reversed the hyperglycemia-induced detrimental effects. These data suggest that the CNPs possess therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetes-associated reproductive disorders.

Coi Statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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