Podłoże autoimmunologiczne rozwoju endometriozy.

In: Fides et Ratio, Vol 43, Iss 3 (2020) · 2020 · vol. 43(3) , pp. 373–378 · doi:10.34766/fetr.v43i3.315 · W3104448696
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This paper explores the autoimmune basis of endometriosis, noting increased incidence of autoimmune diseases and celiac disease in affected women, suggesting immunological dysregulation contributes to the condition's development and progression.

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The paper reviews evidence that endometriosis, a chronic gynecological disorder, has familial aggregation and is associated with a higher incidence of autoimmune diseases and celiac disease, sometimes with mild symptoms or mainly genetic predisposition. It cites population-based and case-control studies and a systematic review/meta-analysis reporting co-occurrence or increased risk with conditions such as systemic lupus, Sjögren’s syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroiditis, multiple sclerosis, Addison’s disease, and inflammatory bowel disease, and it discusses the hypothesis that immune dysregulation may create an “immune niche” enabling endometriosis lesion development. The authors explicitly state that there is no convincing data for a causal mechanism or common underlying cause linking these disorders. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it focuses on the proposed autoimmune/immunological basis of endometriosis development and its comorbidity spectrum with autoimmune diseases.

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Abstract

Endometrioza jest przewlekłym zaburzeniem ginekologicznym, które dotyka 2-10% kobiet w wieku rozrodczym. Pomimo wielu lat badań patogeneza endometriozy nie jest do końca wyjaśniona, a z leczenie endometriozy wiąże się z licznymi kontrowersjami. Endometrioza występuje rodzinnie i asocjuje z innymi chorobami. W grupie pacjentek chorujących na endometriozę odnotowuje się znacznie podwyższoną zapadalność na choroby autoimmunologiczne oraz celiakię, często przebiegającą w sposób skąpoobjawowy lub stwierdza się jedynie genetyczną do niej skłonność. Udowodniono współwystępowanie, a czasem wielokrotnie zwiększone ryzyko zapadalności na endometriozę u pacjentek z toczniem układowym, zespołem Sjogrena, reumatoidalanym zapaleniem stawów, autoimmunologicznym zapaleniem tarczycy, stwardnieniem rozsianym, chorobą Addisona i nieswoistymi zapaleniami jelit. Chociaż nie ma przekonujących danych o możliwym mechanizmie przyczynowo- skutkowym łączącym te patologie z endometriozą lub o wspólnej przyczynie leżącej u podłoża tych zaburzeń to jednak postuluje się że dysregulacja immunologiczna ma związek z wytwarzaniem się niszy immunologicznej pozwalającej na powstawanie i progresję zmian typowych dla endometriozy. Diagnozując i lecząc pacjentki z endometriozą nie należy zapominać o spektrum chorób towarzyszących, spośród których część jest ciężkimi schorzeniami prowadzącymi do licznych powikłań.
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Abstract

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disorder that affects 2-10% of women of childbearing age. Despite many years of research, the pathogenesis of endometriosis is not fully understood, and the treatment of endometriosis is associated with numerous controversies. Endometriosis runs in families and is associated with other diseases. In the group of patients suffering from endometriosis, there is a significantly increased incidence of autoimmune diseases and celiac disease, which is often only mildly symptomatic or only genetically prone to it. The coexistence and sometimes multiple increased risk of endometriosis has been proven in patients with systemic lupus, Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroiditis, multiple sclerosis, Addison's disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. Although there is no convincing data on a possible causal mechanism linking these pathologies with endometriosis or on a common cause underlying these disorders, it is postulated that immune dysregulation is associated with the formation of an immune niche that allows the formation and progression of lesions typical of endometriosis. When diagnosing and treating patients with endometriosis, one should not forget about the spectrum of comorbidities, some of which are serious diseases leading to numerous complications.

References

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