Endometriomas with low-risk malignancy potential in ultrasonography with high human epididymis protein 4 and risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm: a cases series

Tolga Karacan, Eser Özyürek, Seyma Yesiralioglu, H. Asuman Kiyak, Taner Usta, Engin Oral
Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology · 2019 · vol. 36(2) , pp. 117–121 · doi:10.1080/09513590.2019.1653842 · PMID:31429337 · W2969875970
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-10 ⓘ

This case series describes patients with "typical" endometrioma features on imaging who underwent surgery due to elevated HE4 and ROMA but were ultimately diagnosed with benign pathology.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease that affects 5 to 15% of women of reproductive age. Data from large-cohort and case-control studies indicate an increased risk for ovarian cancers in women with endometrioma. Recently, as an ovarian cancer biomarker, human epididymal secretory protein E4 (HE4) has been increasingly investigated in the differentiating of endometrioma from ovary malignancy and in confirming the benign structure of the endometrioma. This case series study describes women who underwent surgery due to increased serum HE4 levels and higher Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) index, in whom the final pathology was reported as benign, although, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings showed features of "typical" endometrioma.

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Condition tags

mesh:D004715endometriosisendometrioma

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Ovarian Neoplasms WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2 Adult Biomarkers, Tumor Biomarkers, Tumor Case-Control Studies Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Female Humans Ovarian Neoplasms Ovarian Neoplasms Ovarian Neoplasms Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Ultrasonography WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2 Young Adult

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (18)

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