New treatment target for endometriosis

Claire Greenhill

doi:10.1038/s41574-021-00564-4

New treatment target for endometriosis

Claire Greenhill

Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2021 · vol. 17(11) , pp. 639 · doi:10.1038/s41574-021-00564-4 · PMID:34508252 · W3196942850

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Researchers identified NPSR1 variants associated with endometriosis and demonstrated that inhibiting NPSR1 reduced inflammation and pain in mouse models, suggesting it as a potential nonhormonal therapeutic target.

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The paper investigated genetic contributors and a potential therapeutic target for endometriosis by sequencing DNA from 32 endometriosis-affected families and identifying a linkage signal on chromosome 7p13–15, along with an overrepresentation of deleterious coding variants in NPSR1. These genetic findings were supported by replication in rhesus macaques with spontaneous endometriosis, and variant rs142885915 was associated with stage III or IV disease in an additional human cohort, while NPSR1 expression was detected in glandular epithelium from both eutopic and ectopic endometrium. In mouse models of peritoneal inflammation or endometriosis, treatment with a NPSR1 inhibitor reduced peritoneal inflammation and pelvic pain. The paper’s caveat is that the work is based on genetic association signals and preclinical inhibition studies rather than direct clinical outcome evidence, though it proposes NPSR1 as a nonhormonal treatment target. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it identifies NPSR1 as a nonhormonal treatment target through genetic, expression, and inhibitor-based mouse evidence.

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There are very few treatment options for people with endometriosis, an inflammatory condition that causes pelvic pain and can be debilitating. In a new study, researchers sequenced DNA from 32 families with a history of endometriosis. They identified a genetic linkage signal on chromosome 7p13–15. There was also overrepresentation of deleterious coding variants in NPSR1 (which encodes neuropeptide S receptor 1) in people with endometriosis. These findings were replicated in a cohort of rhesus macaques with spontaneous endometriosis. Further work in a cohort of people with or without endometriosis revealed that variant rs142885915 was associated with stage III or IV endometriosis. NPSR1 was found to be expressed in glandular epithelium from eutopic and ectopic endometrium. In addition, mouse models of peritoneal inflammation or endometriosis were treated with an inhibitor of NPSR1, which reduced peritoneal inflammation and pelvic pain. The authors suggest that the NPSR1 system could be a nonhormonal target for treating endometriosis. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription 27,99 € / 30 days cancel any time Subscribe to this journal Receive 12 print issues and online access 176,64 € per year only 14,72 € per issue Buy this article - Purchase on SpringerLink - Instant access to the full article PDF. 39,95 € Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout References Original article Tapmeier, T. T. et al. Neuropeptide S receptor 1 is a nonhormonal treatment target in endometriosis. Sci. Transl Med. 13, eabd6469 (2021) Author information Authors and Affiliations Corresponding author Rights and permissions About this article Cite this article Greenhill, C. New treatment target for endometriosis. Nat Rev Endocrinol 17, 639 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-021-00564-4 Published: Version of record: Issue date: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-021-00564-4

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