Comparison of preoperative serum neopterin, periostin, indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase, YKL‐40, and tenascin‐C levels with current tumor markers for early‐stage endometrial cancer
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare the predictive value of serum levels of neopterin, periostin, YKL-40, tenascin-C (TNC), and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) with current tumor markers for the primary diagnosis of early-stage endometrial cancer. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2020 and November 2020. A total of 59 patients (38 women newly diagnosed with early-stage endometrial cancer [study group] and 21 women with benign endometrial pathologies [control group]) were enrolled. Blood samples were collected prior to surgery and underwent immunoassay analysis. RESULTS: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), periostin, and IDO levels were significantly higher in the study group than the control group (P = 0.008, P = 0.034, and P = 0.003, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that IDO, periostin, and CEA were good predictors of early-stage endometrial cancer (AUC = 0.733, 95% CI, 0.602-0.840, P < 0.002; AUC = 0.668, 95% CI, 0.533-0.785, P = 0.018; and AUC = 0.709, 95% CI, 0.576-0.820, P = 0.002, respectively). Correlation analysis revealed no significant correlation of any biomarker with age or body mass index in either the control or study group. CONCLUSION: Serum CEA, periostin, and IDO levels were significantly higher in women with endometrial cancer than in those without cancer. These results may help identify new markers for diagnosing endometrial cancer.
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