Case Report: Bladder endometriosis presenting as a bladder mass – diagnosis and surgical management

Junhao Chen, Zhaojiao Li, Bo Chen, Bo Cheng, Jian Zhao, Junxian Zhao, Jieming Zuo, Haifeng Wang, Shi Fu
Frontiers in medicine · 2025 · vol. 12 , pp. 1573513 · doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1573513 · PMID:40370732 · W4409980597
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This case report details the diagnosis and surgical management of bladder endometriosis, a rare form of deep infiltrating endometriosis that can lead to urinary dysfunction and hydronephrosis.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-10 ⓘ

This case report describes a 40-year-old woman with intermittent lower abdominal discomfort in whom a bladder-occupying mass was identified on ultrasound and further characterized by pelvic MRI and CT, followed by cystoscopy and biopsy showing endometriosis, with immunohistochemistry supporting a hormonal, mesenchymal, benign lesion (PR/ER/VIM positive, epithelial malignancy markers negative, Ki-67 low). The patient underwent right ureteral stent placement and robot-assisted laparoscopic partial cystectomy with careful bladder-layer closure and ureteral distance assessment; no postoperative hormone therapy was given and follow-up cystoscopy showed no nodules or recurrence and improvement in menstrual discomfort. A key caveat is that conclusions about diagnostic performance and recurrence prevention are limited because this is a single-patient report without comparative outcomes. Relevance to endometriosis: this paper is centrally about endometriosis—specifically bladder deep infiltrating endometriosis and its surgical diagnosis/management, with discussion of distinguishing it from ureteral endometriosis and the possible co-occurrence of adenomyosis.

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Abstract

Endometriosis (EMs) is a common disease in women of childbearing age, categorized into ovarian, superficial, and deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). Bladder endometriosis (BE) is a type of DIE with an incidence of approximately 1% among women of childbearing age. Its main symptoms include pelvic discomfort and urinary dysfunction. Importantly, bladder endometriosis and ureteral endometriosis are distinct entities with different clinical manifestations and management approaches. As the condition progresses, it can involve the ureters, leading to hydronephrosis and severe renal function impairment. Currently, diagnosis primarily relies on ultrasound, MRI, and cystoscopy, with surgical treatment showing good efficacy and low recurrence rates. We report a patient with bladder endometriosis to enhance our understanding of this condition.

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Condition tags

endometriosisdie_deep_infiltratingbladder_endometriosis

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

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