Sonographic depiction of normal and abnormal endometrium with histopathologic correlation.
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Sonography accurately depicted endometrial thickness and correlated with histopathology, identifying the hypoechoic halo as inner myometrium and establishing a 5mm threshold for abnormal postmenopausal endometrium in non-hormone users.
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Abstract
The sonographic appearance of the endometrium was correlated to histopathologic findings in 38 patients who underwent hysterectomy. The thickness was accurately assessed by sonography (within +/- 1 mm) in 33 of 38 patients. The hypoechoic halo which surrounds the endometrium was found to represent the inner third of the myometrium which is relatively vascular and compact. In postmenopausal patients who are not receiving hormonal replacement, an endometrium of greater than 5 mm should be considered abnormal. Several causes of abnormally thick endometrium were encountered in this study, including endometrial carcinoma, hyperplasia, adenomyosis, hematometria, mucometria, and pyometria. Sonography was found to be accurate in determining the depth of myometrial invasion in adenocarcinoma.
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Cited by (23)
- Evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding with transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy in perimenopausal women 2017
- Ultrasound study of the myoendometria/border 2016
- Adenomyosis and endometriosis. Re-visiting their association and further insights into the mechanisms of auto-traumatisation. An MRI study 2014
- Adenomyosis and ‘endometrial– subendometrial myometrium unit disruption disease’ are two different entities 2008
- Endometrial development in association with ovarian follicular waves during the menstrual cycle 2004
- Endometrial safety with a low-dose intrauterine levonorgestrel-releasing system after 3 years of estrogen substitution therapy 2003
- Development of a miniature, low-dose, frameless intrauterine levonorgestrel-releasing system for contraception and treatment: a review of initial clinical experience 2002
- Assessment of Endometrial Perfusion with Doppler Ultrasound in Spontaneous and Stimulated Menstrual Cycles. 2002
- Radiographic imaging techniques for the diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding 2000
- Changes in Uterine and Ovarian Arterial Impedance during the Periovulatory Period in Conception and Nonconception Cycles 2000
- Structural abnormalities of the uterine wall in women with endometriosis and infertility visualized by vaginal sonography and magnetic resonance imaging 2000
- Measurement of endometrial thickness with transvaginal ultrasonography: is it reproducible? 1998
- Endometrial thickness assessed by transvaginal ultrasound insufficiently predicts occurrence of hyperplasia during unopposed oestrogen use 1996
- Ultrasound studies of vascular and morphological changes in the human uterus after a positive self-test for the urinary luteinizing hormone surge 1996
- Growth factors and growth modulators in human uterine endometrium: their potential relevance to reproductive medicine 1994
- The role of vaginal scan in measurement of endometrial thickness in postmenopausal women 1991
- Endometrial carcinoma: Transvaginal ultrasonography prediction of depth of myometrial invasion 1991
- Accuracy of ultrasound measurements of female pelvic organs 1990
- Uterine endometrial peristalsis—a transvaginal ultrasound study 1990
- Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding 1988
- Dysfunctional uterine bleeding. 1988
- Cyclic endometrial changes: US assessment with histologic correlation. 1988
- Ultrasound appearance of adenomyosis mimicking adenocarcinoma in a postmenopausal woman 1988
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