Preventive Effect of Anemarrhenae rhizome and Phellodendri cortex on Danazol-Induced in Precocious Puberty in Female Rats and Network Pharmacological Analysis of Active Compounds

Kyeong Ri Kim, Tuy An Trinh, Ji Yun Baek, Da Young Lee, Se Hun Lim, Jonghyup Kim, Won-Yung Lee, Chang-Eop Kim, Ki Sung Kang, Hye Lim Lee
In: Plants · 2021 · vol. 11(1) , pp. 23 · doi:10.3390/plants11010023 · PMID:35009026 · W4200484710
article OA: gold CC0 ⤵ 2 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-06-14 ⓘ

This study found that Anemarrhenae rhizome and Phellodendri cortex extract delayed vaginal opening in female rats with precocious puberty and reduced LH levels and UNC5C expression.

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Abstract

have historically been used for the treatment of precocious puberty (PP) in oriental medicine. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of APE, a mixture of the extracts from these herbs, against danazol-induced PP in female rats. The offspring were injected danazol to establish the PP model, and then treated with APE daily, and observed for vaginal opening. At the end of the study, the levels of gonadotropic hormones, such as estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone, were determined by ELISA. Moreover, the mRNA expression of GnRH, netrin-1, and UNC5C in hypothalamic tissues was determined by real-time PCR. Network pharmacological analysis was performed to predict the active compounds of APE and their potential actions. APE treatment delayed vaginal opening in rats with PP. In addition, APE treatment reduced LH levels and suppressed UNC5C expression. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the targets of APE were significantly associated with GnRH signaling and ovarian steroidogenesis pathways. In conclusion, APE may be used as a therapeutic remedy to inhibit the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.

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SciLite annotations

organisms 53
rattus sp. rattus sp. rattus sp. anemarrhena phellodendron anemarrhena corticea plants anemarrhena asphodeloides corticea anemarrhena asphodeloides phellodendron rodents rattus sp. mosquito plant anemarrhena phellodendron mosquito plant anemarrhena rodents rodents rodents multicellular animals rodents lobaria tibetana rattus sp. rattus sp. multicellular animals rattus sp. transgenic mice rattus sp. rattus sp. rattus sp. rattus sp. rattus sp. rattus sp. rattus sp. anemarrhena phellodendron anemarrhena rattus sp. anemarrhena phellodendron plants rattus sp. zitter rats scutellaria moniliorhiza radix fontinalis rattus sp. rattus sp. zitter rats rattus sp. rodents
chemicals 30
danazol danazol estradiol danazol steroid peptide leuprolide triptorelin goserelin sex hormone danazol methanol penicillin streptomycin goserelin acetate danazol diethylene glycol ethanol hormone estradiol danazol danazol goserelin acetate hormone kaempferol amyloid-beta palmatine danazol

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