Predictors of chronic pelvic pain in female population

O.I. Zagorulko, L.A. Medvedeva, O.V. Drakina, O.I. Loginova
In: Russian Journal of Pain · 2023 · vol. 21(2) , pp. 58 · doi:10.17116/pain20232102158 · W4378876827
article OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 1 in-corpus citation
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This literature review identified female sex, age 30-50, emotional lability, anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing, and comorbidities like IBS, dysmenorrhea, and cystitis as predictors of chronic pelvic pain.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

The paper reviews predictors for the development and chronification of chronic pelvic pain in women, using narrative evidence from studies on symptom patterns and individual, social, and comorbidity-related factors, while noting that correlations do not establish causal direction. It reports that female sex and age (especially 30–50 years, around pre- to peri-menopause) are suggested predictors, and that psychologic and behavioral factors—such as personality traits in clusters B/C, depression/anxiety, and particularly pain catastrophizing—are repeatedly associated with higher pain intensity and chronicity; it also discusses sleep disturbance with an acknowledged uncertainty about whether associations are direct or mediated by depression. A major caveat emphasized is that many findings rely on self-reported symptoms and quality of life, and that predictor–risk distinctions are not always clarified, limiting causal interpretation. This paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

Objective. To analyze predictors of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in female population. Material and methods. We reviewed literature data on predictors of CPP and mechanisms of correlation in the PubMed and CyberLeninka databases. Results. CPP predictors can be divided into several categories: non-modifiable characteristics, individual mental characteristics, social factors, comorbidities. Among non-modifiable characteristics, female sex and age 30-50 years increase the risk of CPP. When analyzing mental characteristics in patients with CPP, we found a correlation of CPP with emotional lability, anxiety, depression and pain catastrophizing. Analysis of social factors is quite difficult, since most of them affect perception and chronization of pain indirectly and in conjunction with other factors. Concomitant pain syndromes, such as irritable bowel syndrome, primary dysmenorrhea and interstitial cystitis, are especially significant predictors of CPP. The role for cardiovascular reactivity and ovarian function is plausible but requires further consideration. Conclusion. Most CPP predictors are easy to be detected during analysis of history. Identification of CPP predictors may be important for diagnostic searching, rational choice of treatment and assessment of prognosis.

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Condition tags

chronic_pelvic_paindysmenorrheainterstitial_cystitisirritable_bowel_syndrome

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