POLYMORPHISMS OF THE WNT4 (RS7521902, RS16826658), GREB1 (RS13394619), FN1 (RS1250248), IL1A (RS6542095), AND VEZT (RS10859871) GENES AND ESTROGEN METABOLISM PARAMETERS (16α-OH-E1 AND 2-OH-E1) IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ENDOMETRIOSIS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

D.A. Nadjmitdinova
In: PRACTICAL SURGERY · 2026 · vol. 3(3) , pp. 39–48 · doi:10.67519/nshr.aj.2026.03.008 · W7216522990
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This literature review examines the role of polymorphisms in WNT4, GREB1, FN1, IL1A, and VEZT genes alongside estrogen metabolism parameters in endometriosis pathogenesis, concluding that these markers should be evaluated as a comprehensive panel.

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This literature review synthesizes research from 2021 to 2026 regarding the role of specific gene polymorphisms in WNT4, GREB1, FN1, IL1A, and VEZT, alongside estrogen metabolism parameters, within the pathogenesis of endometriosis. The authors analyze how these genetic variants influence interconnected pathways related to hormonal regulation, inflammation, and tissue remodeling, while also assessing the reproducibility of these markers across different populations. The study concludes that evaluating these polymorphisms as a comprehensive panel offers greater diagnostic and prognostic value than analyzing them individually due to their complex interplay. This paper is centrally about endometriosis, focusing on the genetic and metabolic mechanisms underlying its development.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease with a significant hereditary component; twin studies estimate its heritability at approximately 50% [1, 8]. Genome-wide association studies have identified dozens of risk loci, most of which are located in or near genes involved in hormonal regulation, cell adhesion, inflammation, and tissue remodeling [1, 2, 11]. The polymorphisms investigated in this review represent several interconnected pathways involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. General considerations. To systematize the available literature, predominantly published during 2021–2026, on the role of polymorphisms in the WNT4 (rs7521902, rs16826658), GREB1 (rs13394619), FN1 (rs1250248), IL1A (rs6542095), and VEZT (rs10859871) genes, as well as estrogen metabolism parameters (16α-OH-E1 and 2-OH-E1), in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. A separate objective of this review is to assess the reproducibility of these markers across different populations and to determine whether evidence exists regarding their combined analysis. Conclusions. The studied polymorphisms represent different but interconnected pathogenic pathways, and their potential diagnostic and prognostic significance may therefore be more appropriately evaluated as part of a comprehensive panel rather than individually.
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MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES AND TISSUE REPAIR IN THE INTESTINE AND MESENTERY FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTAL BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA Sobitkhanov ., Nishanov ., Sadykov . ← Back to PRACTICAL SURGERYPOLYMORPHISMS OF THE WNT4 (RS7521902, RS16826658), GREB1 (RS13394619), FN1 (RS1250248), IL1A (RS6542095), AND VEZT (RS10859871) GENES AND ESTROGEN METABOLISM PARAMETERS (16α-OH-E1 AND 2-OH-E1) IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ENDOMETRIOSIS (LITERATURE REVIEW) Abstract Keywords Metrics & attention Related articles MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES AND TISSUE REPAIR IN THE INTESTINE AND MESENTERY FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTAL BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA CLINICAL EFFICACY OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TREATMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE ASSOCIATED WITH CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS MODERN ASPECTS OF RADIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE SURGICAL DISEASES OF THE ABDOMEN INTESTINAL FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY AND LATE COMPLICATIONS FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTAL BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA: THE ROLE OF INJURY SEVERITY AND TREATMENT STRATEGY Original research PRACTICAL SURGERY, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2026) - Nadjmitdinova D.A.✉ Received: September 20, 2026Accepted: September 30, 2026Published: October 2, 2026 Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease with a significant hereditary component; twin studies estimate its heritability at approximately 50% [1, 8]. Genome-wide association studies have identified dozens of risk loci, most of which are located in or near genes involved in hormonal regulation, cell adhesion, inflammation, and tissue remodeling [1, 2, 11]. The polymorphisms investigated in this review represent several interconnected pathways involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. General considerations. To systematize the available literature, predominantly published during 2021–2026, on the role of polymorphisms in the WNT4 (rs7521902, rs16826658), GREB1 (rs13394619), FN1 (rs1250248), IL1A (rs6542095), and VEZT (rs10859871) genes, as well as estrogen metabolism parameters (16α-OH-E1 and 2-OH-E1), in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. A separate objective of this review is to assess the reproducibility of these markers across different populations and to determine whether evidence exists regarding their combined analysis. Conclusions. The studied polymorphisms represent different but interconnected pathogenic pathways, and their potential diagnostic and prognostic significance may therefore be more appropriately evaluated as part of a comprehensive panel rather than individually. - endometriosis, estrogen metabolites, gene polymorphisms. 3 views · 8 downloads · pp. 39–48 Sobitkhanov ., Nishanov ., Sadykov . September 19, 2026pp. 13–24DOI12 views22 downloads Ziyayev S., Boboyev ., Tojiboev A. September 19, 2026pp. 32–38DOI7 views21 downloads Nadjmitdinov ., Khujakov M. September 19, 2026pp. 25–31DOI6 views23 downloads Sadikov ., Nishanov M., Sobitkhanov M. September 18, 2026pp. 4–12DOI11 views17 downloads

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