Absorption of Danazol After Administration to Different Sites of the Gastrointestinal Tract and the Relationship to Single‐ and Double‐Peak Phenomena in the Plasma Profiles
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Danazol absorption was greater orally than intraintestinally, and oral administration produced double peaks, likely due to gastric emptying and bile salt solubilization.
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Abstract
The absorption of danazol (100 mg) after oral or intraintestinal administration to the proximal jejunum or proximal ileum has been studied in healthy female subjects. The extent of danazol absorption after administration as a solubilized glycerol mono-oleate emulsion formulation was approximately twofold and fourfold greater after oral dosing when compared with jejunal or ileal administration, respectively. Although not statistically significant in this study, the extent of absorption after jejunal administration was generally greater than after ileal administration. After oral dosing, qualitative assessment identified the presence of double peaks or major shouldering characteristics in 14 of the 16 individual danazol plasma concentration-time profiles, whereas only single peaks were present after intraintestinal administration. These data are consistent with the double peaking phenomena after oral administration of the emulsion formulation being stomach-related. The double peaking effect may be explained in terms of a probable combination of gastric emptying regulated absorption (due to the presence of the lipid in the emulsion formulation) and the dependence of danazol solubility on bile salt solubilization within the upper small intestine.
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Cited by (5)
- Formulation of a Danazol Cocrystal with Controlled Supersaturation Plays an Essential Role in Improving Bioavailability 2013
- Improved understanding of the effect of food on drug absorption and bioavailability for lipophilic compounds using an intestinal pig perfusion model 2008
- Evaluation of the Impact of Surfactant Digestion on the Bioavailability of Danazol after Oral Administration of Lipidic Self-Emulsifying Formulations to Dogs 2007
- Effect of liquid volume and food intake on the absolute bioavailability of danazol, a poorly soluble drug 2005
- In vitro–in vivo correlations for lipophilic, poorly water-soluble drugs 2000
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