Angiodysplasia of the appendix: a diagnostic challenge and the importance of colonoscopy.

The case report discusses the challenges in diagnosing gastrointestinal bleeding of unknown origin, with angiodysplasia (AD) of the appendix being a rare cause. The report presents a case of a man in his late 60s who presented with vomiting, diarrhoea and rectal bleeding. As a result of the bleeding, the patient developed a type II myocardial infarction (MI), which had to be simultaneously managed further complicating the diagnostic process. Despite a normal CT angiogram, ongoing bleeding led to suspicion of AD, which was diagnosed using colonoscopy with limited bowel preparation. The patient underwent an open appendicectomy and was found to have AD of the tip of the appendix as the cause of the bleeding. The case highlights the limitations of CT angiography in haemodynamically unstable patients and subsequent importance of colonoscopy with bowel preparation in diagnosing rare causes of bleeding, even with limited bowel preparation, and the potential life-threatening consequences of untreated AD.