Medical Management of Endometriosis, Present and Future with Special Reference to MHT in the Patient Previously Diagnosed with Endometriosis

In: ISGE Series · 2020 · pp. 149–157 · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-57866-4_14 · W3111476042
book-chapter OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 1 in-corpus citation
Full text JSON View on OpenAlex View at publisher
AI-generated summary by claude@2026-07+body, 2026-07-07

This chapter aims to provide insight into hormonal treatments for endometriosis, detailing mechanisms, efficacy, and side effects to individualize patient care.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 · read from full text

This paper/chapter reviews medical management options for endometriosis, focusing on hormonal treatments by describing their mechanisms of action, efficacy, and side-effect profiles, and emphasizing treatment individualization for people with endometriosis. It defines endometriosis as endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus that triggers chronic inflammation and notes that it is chronic and incurable, with associated pain and infertility. A major caveat explicitly stated is that adenomyosis is acknowledged but not specifically addressed. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it is a chapter on medical management of endometriosis with special reference to menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in patients previously diagnosed with endometriosis.

Read from the paper's body, not the abstract. Not a substitute for reading the paper. No clinical advice. How this works

Full text 6,200 characters · extracted from oa-doi-fallback · 2 sections · click to expand

Abstract

The endometrium is the unique inner lining of the uterus that responds to the cyclical ovarian hormones estrogen and progesterone with the ultimate aim of providing a suitable implantation environment for the developing embryo. Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus that induces a chronic, inflammatory reaction [1]. Endometriosis is a chronic and incurable disease that causes pain and is associated with infertility. Adenomyosis is an associated condition where the endometrial tissue exists within and grows into the uterine myometrium. Adenomyosis will not be specifically addressed in this chapter. The aim of this chapter is to empower the reader with the options of hormonal treatment in endometriosis. Insight into the mechanism of actions, efficacy, and side-effect profile will enable the reader to individualize treatment to the best benefit of the victims of endometriosis. Access this chapter Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only Similar content being viewed by others

References

Dunselman GA, Vermeulen N, Becker C, et al. European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE). Guideline: Management of Women with endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2014;29(3):400–12. Mahmood TA, Templeton A. Prevalence and genesis of endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 1991;6(4):544–9. Sampson JA. Peritoneal endometriosis due to the menstrual dissemination of endometrial tissue into the peritoneal cavity. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1927;14:422–69. Macer ML, Taylor HS. Endometriosis and infertility: a review of the pathogenesis and treatment of endometriosis-associated infertility. Obstet Gynecol Clin N Am. 2012;39(4):535–49. Koninckx PR, Ussia A, Adamyan L, et al. Pathogenesis of endometriosis: the genetic/epigenetic theory. Fertil Steril. 2019;111(2):327–40. Hapangama D, Kamal A, Bulmer J. Estrogen receptor β: the guardian of the endometrium. Hum Reprod Update. 2015;21(2):174–93. Patel B, Elguero S, Thakore S, et al. Role of nuclear progesterone receptor isoforms in uterine pathophysiology. Hum Reprod Update. 2015 Mar;21(2):155–73. Bulun SE, Monsivais D, Kakinuma T, et al. Molecular biology of endometriosis: from aromatase to genomic ab- normalities. Semin Reprod Med. 2015;33:220–4. Al-Sabbagh M, Lam EW, Brosens JJ. Mechanisms of endometrial progester-one resistance. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012;358:208–15. Karim A, Shafiee M, Aziz N, et al. Reviewing the role of progesterone therapy in endometriosis. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2018;35(1):1–7. Marjoribanks J, Ayeleke R, Farquhar C, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;30(7):CD001751. Rafique S, DeCherney A. Medical management of endometriosis. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2017;60(3):485–96. Prentice A, Deary A, Goldbeck-Wood S, et al. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues for pain associated with endometriosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;2:CD000346. Hornstein M, Surrey E, Weisberg G, et al. Leuprolide acetate depot and hormonal add-back in endometriosis: a 12-month study. Lupron Add-Back Study Group. Obstet Gynecol. 1998;91(1):16–24. Surrey E, Taylor H, Giudice L, et al. Long-term outcomes of Elagolix in women with endometriosis: results from two extension studies. Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Jul;132(1):147–60. Harada T, Ohta I, Endo Y, et al. Selective estrogen receptor modulator for pain symptoms with endometriosis: an open-label clinical trial. Yonago Acta Med. 2017;60:227–33. Schindler A, Campagnoli C, Druckmann R, et al. Classification and pharmacology of progestins. Maturitas. 2003;46(Suppl 1):S7–S16. Hayashi A, Tanabe A, Kawabe S, et al. Dienogest increases the progesterone receptor isoform B/A ratio in patients with ovarian endometriosis. J Ovarian Res. 2012;5:31. Ebert A, Dong L, Merz M. Dienogest 2 mg daily in the treatment of adolescents with clinically suspected endometriosis: the Visanne study to assess safety in adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017;30:560–7. Schindler A. Dienogest in long-term treatment of endometriosis. Int J Women’s Health. 2011;3:175–84. Crosignani P, Luciano A, Ray A, et al. Subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate versus leuprolide acetate in the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain. Hum Reprod. 2006;21(1):248–56. Vercellini P, Vigano P, Somigliana E. The role of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device in the management of symptomatic endometriosis. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2005;17(4):359–65. Walch K, Unfried G, Huber J, et al. Implanon versus medroxyprogesterone acetate: effects on pain scores in patients with symptomatic endometriosis–a pilot study. Contraception. 2009;79(1):29–34. Bulun S, Zeitoun K, Takayama K, et al. Molecular basis for treating endometriosis with aromatase inhibitors. Hum Reprod Update. 2000;6(5):413–8. Shah D. Postmenopausal endometriosis: an enigma revisited. J Midlife Health. 2014 Oct;5(4):163–4. Sampson J. Endometrial carcinoma of the ovary, arising in endometrial tissue in that organ. Arch Surg. 1925;10(1):1–72. De Villiers T, Hall J, Pinkerton J, et al. Revised global consensus statement on menopausal hormone therapy. Climacteric. 2016;19(4):313–5. Barrett-Connor E, Slone S, Greendale G, et al. The postmenopausal estrogen/progestin interventions study: primary outcomes in adherent women. Maturitas. 1997;27(3):261–74. Author information Authors and Affiliations Corresponding author Editor information Editors and Affiliations Rights and permissions Copyright information © 2021 International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology About this chapter Cite this chapter de Villiers, T.J. (2021). Medical Management of Endometriosis, Present and Future with Special Reference to MHT in the Patient Previously Diagnosed with Endometriosis. In: Genazzani, A.R., Nisolle, M., Petraglia, F., Taylor, R.N. (eds) Endometriosis Pathogenesis, Clinical Impact and Management. ISGE Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57866-4_14 Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57866-4_14 Published: Publisher Name: Springer, Cham Print ISBN: 978-3-030-57865-7 Online ISBN: 978-3-030-57866-4 eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: oa-doi-fallback

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Condition tags

endometriosis

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (30)

Cited by (1)

Source provenance

openalex
last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
unpaywall
last seen: 2026-07-30T08:32:49.343555+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK