Does body mass index compromise assisted reproductive technique outcomes? A cross-sectional study.

Bahrami F, Dashti S, Mangoli E, Sadat Hosseini H
International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2023 · doi:10.18502/ijrm.v21i12.15040 · PMID:38370492 · PMC10869964
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This cross-sectional study of 1611 women undergoing assisted reproductive technology found that body mass index categories did not significantly affect live birth rates, although they influenced oocyte maturation and gonadotropin usage.

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This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 1,611 women undergoing assisted reproductive technology to determine if body mass index affects live birth rates and other clinical outcomes. The researchers categorized participants by BMI and compared metrics such as gonadotropin dosage, oocyte maturity, embryo quality, and pregnancy success across underweight, normal, overweight, and obese groups. Key findings indicated that while obese patients required significantly higher doses of gonadotropins, there were no statistically significant differences in live birth rates, implantation rates, or abortion rates among the four BMI categories after adjusting for confounding factors like age. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

BackgroundOverweight and obese people face several health problems. Female obesity has been shown to reduce fertility in the general population. Assisted reproductive technology outcomes in obese cases are widely studied, but the results are inconclusive.ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare live birth rate (LBR) among women with 4 different types of body mass index (BMI).Materials and methodsIn this cross-sectional study, data of 1611 women, who were candidates for fresh and frozen embryo transfer cycles, was extracted from 2051 medical files at the Reproductive Sciences Institute, Yazd, Iran from May 2019-May 2021. The participants were divided into 4 groups (underweight, normal, overweight, and obese) according to their BMI, and LBR was considered to be the main outcome.ResultsOf 1611 women, 39 were underweight, 585 were normal, 676 were overweight, and 311 were obese. Underweight women had the lowest LBR (12.8%), but there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.55). In addition, LBR was compared in the 4 BMI groups according to age, type of transfer cycle (fresh or freeze), and cause of infertility, and there was comparable LBR in the 4 BMI groups. However, metaphase 2 oocyte rate, doses of gonadotropin usage in the cycles, and estradiol level had statistically significant differences (p < 0.001).ConclusionAccording to our study, obesity does not affect LBR in the IVF cycle, regardless of fresh or frozen embryo transfer cycles, different age groups, and causes of infertility.
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According to our findings and some similar studies, BMI may not be a prognostic factor for ART outcomes. Factors such as age, antral follicular count, and AMH are the best prognostic factors. It is recommended to conduct a multi-center prospective study with a larger sample size and the impact of some factors like lifestyle, previous ART cycles, or comorbidity.

Coi Statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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