Effect of Goserelin acetate on non-invasive indices of hepatic steatosis in women with endometriosis

Purpose Menopause has been associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study primarily aimed to evaluate changes in non-invasive indices of hepatic steatosis in premenopausal women with endometriosis after treatment with goserelin, resulting in pharmacologic menopause.

This was a post-hoc study of an interventional study. Non-invasive indices of hepatic steatosis and, secondarily, fibrosis were calculated in premenopausal women with endometriosis (intervention group, n = 21) before (baseline), 6 months after goserelin treatment (estrogen-deficient period), and 6 months after goserelin discontinuation (estrogen replenishment period). Matched premenopausal women were recruited for baseline comparisons (control group, n = 27). Steatosis was evaluated using the Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), Triglyceride/Glucose Index (TyG), TyG-Body Mass Index (BMI), Triglyceride/High Density Lipoprotein (TG/HDL), Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (MetS-IR), Dallas Steatosis Index (DSI), and Framingham Steatosis Index (FSI), and fibrosis with BMI – Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)/Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Ratio Diabetes Mellitus (BARD).

The non-invasive indices of hepatic steatosis and BARD were similar between patients and controls at baseline and did not significantly change after goserelin treatment, except for MetS-IR, which showed an overall significant change (p = 0.04); however, in pairwise comparisons after Bonferroni correction, no significant difference in MetS-IR was observed between baseline (34.8 ± 7.7), 6 months (33.3 ± 9.0), and endpoint (35.0 ± 8.1) values. As expected, the lipid profiles and insulin resistance worsened during the study.

Non-invasive hepatic steatosis and BARD indices were not significantly affected by estrogen deficiency caused by 6-month goserelin treatment in premenopausal women with endometriosis. Similar content being viewed by others Data availability No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

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Anastasilakis, Athanasios D. Anastasilakis, Stergios A. Polyzos. Acquisition of data: Dimitrios A. Anastasilakis, Athanasios D. Anastasilakis, Athina Gkiomisi, Stergios Papachatzopoulos. Analysis of data: Dimitrios A. Anastasilakis, Anastasios Semertzidis, Stergios A. Polyzos. Interpretation of data: All authors. Drafting the article: Dimitrios A. Anastasilakis. Revising the article critically for important intellectual content: All authors. Final approval of the submitted version: All authors. Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved: All authors. Corresponding author Ethics declarations Ethical approval The study was approved by the ethics committee of the 424 General Military Hospital (16329/04-09-2018). All procedures performed in the study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committees and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent Informed consent was retrospectively obtained from all participants for the use of their data for the purpose of the study. Conflict of interest The authors declare no competing interests. Additional information Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Supplementary Information Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material. Rights and permissions Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. About this article Cite this article Anastasilakis, D.A., Anastasilakis, A.D., Gkiomisi, A. et al. Effect of Goserelin acetate on non-invasive indices of hepatic steatosis in women with endometriosis. Endocrine 91, 12 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-025-04511-5 Received: Accepted: Published: Version of record: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-025-04511-5