Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy in patients of infertility in a rural set up

Amogh Chimote, Swarnalata Samal, C Hariharan, Riju Angik
In: International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2015 · vol. 4(2) , pp. 322 · doi:10.5455/2320-1770.ijrcog20150407 · W2100731102
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy effectively diagnosed various pelvic pathologies in infertile women, including endometriosis, ovarian disorders, and tubal issues, that were not apparent with other imaging modalities.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 · read from full text ⓘ

This prospective study evaluated 60 women with infertility for at least 1 year using diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy in a rural setting, excluding women with tubal blockage, active lower genital tract infection, suspected pregnancy, tuberculosis, or high-risk medical disorders. The authors reported that the most common detected pelvic pathologies were endometriosis (32%) and ovarian disorders (22%), with intrauterine synechiae and cervical stenosis accounting for 14% and other tubal-related findings appearing less frequently (including delayed spill at 18%). The study’s key caveat is that exclusions such as diagnosed tubal blockage and tuberculosis limit generalizability and leave some potential etiologies unassessed. Relevance to endometriosis: endometriosis was the most frequently observed diagnosis in this infertility cohort (32%) identified via laparoscopy and hysteroscopy, though the paper’s main focus is combined endoscopic evaluation of female infertility in a rural setting rather than endometriosis specifically.

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Abstract

Background: Infertility is a life crisis. The number of couples seeking medical help for infertility is increasing dramatically. The incidence of infertility in any community varies between 5-15%. This problem is compounded by the trend towards delayed child bearing to achieve socio-economic, educational and professional goals and the rapidly diminishing availability of adoptable infants. These couples are relatively well informed. Diagnostic laparoscopy & hysteroscopy have emerged as an accurate method of assessing, evaluating and treating infertility. Direct visualization of the abdominal and pelvic organs in laparoscopy allows a definitive diagnosis to be made in many conditions where clinical examination and less invasive techniques such as ultrasound and HSG fail to identify the problem.Methods: A prospective study conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, JNMC, AVBRH, and DMIMS. 60 women with H/O infertility for ≥ 1 year were enrolled and subjected to diagnostic tests. Cases with diagnosed tubal blockage, active lower genital tract infection, suspected pregnancy, tuberculosis and high risk medical disorders were excluded.Results: Endometriosis 32%, ovarian disorder (22%), Intra uterine synechiae and cervical stenosis together 14%, tubal block (6%) tubal pathology (delayed spill) (18%).Conclusions: Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy detects pelvic pathology which can appear to be normal on other imaging modalities and provides direct visualization as well as treatment of the diseased condition. Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy combined together are valuable technique for complete assessment of female factors of infertility patient and should be used early in the diagnostic work up in cases of infertility.
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Keywords

Laparoscopy, Hysteroscopy, InfertilityAbstract

Background

Infertility is a life crisis. The number of couples seeking medical help for infertility is increasing dramatically. The incidence of infertility in any community varies between 5-15%. This problem is compounded by the trend towards delayed child bearing to achieve socio-economic, educational and professional goals and the rapidly diminishing availability of adoptable infants. These couples are relatively well informed. Diagnostic laparoscopy & hysteroscopy have emerged as an accurate method of assessing, evaluating and treating infertility. Direct visualization of the abdominal and pelvic organs in laparoscopy allows a definitive diagnosis to be made in many conditions where clinical examination and less invasive techniques such as ultrasound and HSG fail to identify the problem.

Methods

A prospective study conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, JNMC, AVBRH, and DMIMS. 60 women with H/O infertility for ≥ 1 year were enrolled and subjected to diagnostic tests. Cases with diagnosed tubal blockage, active lower genital tract infection, suspected pregnancy, tuberculosis and high risk medical disorders were excluded.

Results

Endometriosis 32%, ovarian disorder (22%), Intra uterine synechiae and cervical stenosis together 14%, tubal block (6%) tubal pathology (delayed spill) (18%).

Conclusions

Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy detects pelvic pathology which can appear to be normal on other imaging modalities and provides direct visualization as well as treatment of the diseased condition. Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy combined together are valuable technique for complete assessment of female factors of infertility patient and should be used early in the diagnostic work up in cases of infertility.Metrics

References

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