Alternative treatments in oral postcoital contraception: interim results

In: Advances in Contraception · 1991 · vol. 7(2-3) , pp. 271–279 · doi:10.1007/bf01849417 · PMID:1950723 · W1990302847
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Danazol and RU486 showed similar postcoital contraception failure rates to the Yuzpe method but with fewer side effects, though RU486 caused more cycle disturbance.

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This randomized interim study compared three oral postcoital contraception regimens in 215 women (16–45 years) with regular cycles, assigned to ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel (Yuzpe), danazol repeated after 12 hours, or RU486 as a single dose, all administered within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse with follow-up until normal menstruation or pregnancy diagnosis. Among 168 fully followed participants, failure rates were similar across groups (Yuzpe 1/57, danazol 2/57, RU486 1/54), but side effects were more frequent with Yuzpe (notably nausea and vomiting), with danazol showing one apparent allergic reaction and RU486 associated with greater cycle disturbance and prolonged cycles. The authors note small numbers at this stage as a limitation, though they report comparable effectiveness to the Yuzpe method. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

The study compares the effectiveness and acceptability of three regimes of postcoital contraception: 1) ethinylestradiol 100 μg/levonorgestrel 500 μg repeated after 12 hours (Yuzpe method); 2) danazol 600 mg repeated after 12 hours; and 3) RU486 600 mg single dose. Between 1 April 1990 and 15 October 1990, 215 women were selected and randomly allocated to the three treatment groups. One hundred and sixty eoght were fully followed up, 35 ongoing and 8 lost to follow-up. All women had regular cycles and were aged 16–45 years. All treatments were given within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse and follow-up was until normal menstruation or diagnosis of pregnancy. β-HCG was measured quantitatively where there was a suspicion of pregnancy. The data obtained show similar failure rates (Yuzpe 1/57, danazol 2/57, RU486 1/54) but more side-effects in the Yuzpe group (nausea 74.1%, vomiting 22.4%, breast tenderness 22.4%) than in the other two (danazol: nausea 31.6%, vomiting 3.5%, breast tenderness 19.3%) and (RU486: nausea 36.4%, vomiting 3.6%, breast tenderness 23.6%). There was one apparent allergic reaction in the danazol group. RU486 caused greater cycle disturbance, prolonging the cycle considerably. Initial results suggest that danazol and RU486 may be much more acceptable methods of postcoital contraception due to reduced side-effects and, in the latter case, single dose. Although numbers are small at present, the effectiveness of the newer methods appear similar to Yuzpe. Resumé Cette étude compare l'efficacité et l'acceptabilité de trois protocoles de contraception postcoïtale: 1-ethinylestradiol 100 μg/lévonorgestrel 500 μg, renouvelé douze heures après. 2-Danazol 600 mg, renouvelé après 12 heures. 3-RU 486, 600 mg en dose unique. Entre le 1er avril 1990 et le 15 octobre 1990, 215 femmes ont été choisies et réparties par randomisation dans trois groupes de traitement. 168 ont été suivies du début à la fin, 35 sont en cours de suivi, et 8 ont abandonné l'étude. Toutes les femmes avaient des cycles réguliers et étaient âgées de 16 à 45 ans. Tous les traitements ont été administrés dans les 72 heures après un rapport non protégé et le suivi a continué jusqu'à l'apparition d'une menstruation normale ou l'établissement d'un diagnostic de grossesse. Le résultat obtenu fait apparaître des taux d'échec identiques (Yuzpe 1/57, Danazol 2/57, RU 486 1/54), mais avec plus d'effets secondaires dans le groupe Yuzpe (nausées 74.1%, vomissements 22.4%, tension mammaire 22.4%) que dans les deux autres groupes (Danazol: nausées 31.6%, vomissements 3.5%, tension mammaire 19.3% et RU 486: nausées 36.4%, vomissements 3.6%, tension mammaire 23.6%). On a constaté une réaction allergique visible dans le groupe du Danazol. Le RU 486 a provoqué une plus importante perturbation du cycle menstruel avec prolongation considérable du cycle. Ces premiers résultats laissent penser que le Danazol et le RU 486 peuvent être des méthodes bien mieux tolérées lors d'une contraception postcoïtale, en raison d'effets secondaires moindres et, dans le dernier cas, de son administration unique. Bien que les effectifs étudiés soient faibles pour le moment, l'efficacité des méthodes plus recentes paraît identique à celle du Yuzpe. Resumen En este estudio se compara la eficacia y aceptabilidad de tres protocolos de anticoncepción poscoito: 1-etinilestradiol 100 μg/levonorgestrel 500 μg, repetido 12 horas después. 2-Danazol 600 mg, repetido 12 horas después. 3-RU486, 600 mg en dosis única. Entre el 10 de abril de 1990 y el 15 de octubre de 1990, 215 mujeres fueron elegidas y repartidas al azar en tres grupos de tratamiento. Se hizo el seguimiento completo de 168, otras 35 están en vías de seguimiento y 8 abandonaron el estudio. Todas las mujeres tenían ciclos regulares y su edad estaba comprendida entre los 16 y los 45 años. Todos los tratamientos fueron administrados dentro de las 72 horas después de una relación sexual no protegida y el seguimiento continuó hasta la aparición de una menstruación normal o el diagnóstico de un embarazo. Los datos obtenidos indican proporciones similares de fracaso (Yuzpe 1/57, Danazol 2/57, RU486 1/54) pero más efectos secundarios en el grupo Yuzpe (náuseas 74.1%, vómitos 22.4%, molestias mamarias 22.4%) que en los otros dos (Danazol: náuseas 31.6%, vómitos 3.5%, molestias mamarias 19.3%, y RU486: náuseas 36.4%, vómitos 3.6%, molestias mamarias 23.6%). Se verificó un caso de reacción alérgica visible en el grupo Danazol. El RU486 provocó una perturbación más importante del ciclo menstrual con prolongación considerable del ciclo. Estos primeros resultados sugieren que el Danazol y el RU486 pueden ser métodos mucho mejor tolerados de anticoncepción poscoito debido a menores efectos secundarios y, en el caso de este último, debido a su administración única. Si bien los números estudiados son pequeños actualmente, la eficacia de los métodos más recientes parece similar a la del Yuzpe. Similar content being viewed by others

References

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