[Laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of pathologic lesions of the genitourinary tract].

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is retrospective analysis of laparoscopic surgery that were performed from January 2002 to December 2001 in I Ward of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hospital in Warsaw. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 464 laparoscopies that were performed from January 2000 till December 2002 were analysed. Evaluation was made on the basis of: indications for surgery, kind of surgery procedure that was performed, blood loss during surgery, complications and hospitalisation period. RESULTS: The most common indication (39.86%) was non-malignant tumors of cases. Another pathologies of cases: ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis and infertility were respectively 11.21%, 3.02% and 10.34% cases diagnosed before surgery. Many procedures that have been done recently by laparotomy are now performed by laparoscopy, that is: enucleation of a cyst of adnexa, removal of an ectopic pregnancy, hysterectomy. The blood loss during surgery was evaluated on the basis of change of haemoglobin concentration in serum before and after surgery. The average blood loss was 1.2 g%. There were 39 cases of conversion of laparoscopy to laparotomy. The most common reason of conversion (16 cases out of 39) was insufficient hemostasis in the operative area or bleeding in the wound after trocar. We had noted the small amount of infections (4.5%). The average hospitalisation period after laparoscopy was 2.62 days. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic procedures can be widely used in gynaecology, have the small number of complications, short hospitalisation period and allow to avoid the big postoperative wound of abdominal segments.