The fallopian tube and reproductive health

L Mastroianni, Luigi Mastroianni, Mastroianni L Jr
Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · 1999 · vol. 12(3) , pp. 121–126 · doi:10.1016/s1038-3188(99)00003-0 · PMID:10546902 · W2164696135
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This review discusses the crucial role of the fallopian tube in human reproduction, covering its anatomy, physiology, and involvement in common reproductive pathologies.

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Abstract

The fallopian tube is the essential link between the ovary and the uterus. Its transport mechanisms are now reasonably well understood and include orderly ovum transfer by the fimbria, and ovum/preembryo retention, with transport to the uterus on the third postovulatory day. Sperm/tube interaction ensures a reservoir and storage/activation system at the tubal isthmus. Ovum/tube interaction is driven by the HCO3 ion in the tubal secretions, which also supply pyruvate and other essential substances to the preembryo. Tubal function may be impaired/destroyed by salpingitis, a peritubal disease resulting from ruptured appendix, endometriosis, and ectopic pregnancy (often the result of prior tubal damage with partial occlusion or luminal adhesions). Prophylactic measures include counseling the patient on how to avoid sexually transmitted disease or inhibition of upward ascent of bacteria, and, in the case of ectopic pregnancy, how to use the most efficient contraceptive measures. The least intrusive transfer methods are helpful in avoiding tubal pregnancy following embryo transfer after in vitro fertilization, and results are improved by pretreatment removal of hydrosalpinges. Among adolescents, efforts should be made to preserve tubal function and to increase awareness of the importance of avoiding tubal disease with an eye to preserving future reproductive capacity.

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MeSH descriptors

Fallopian Tube Diseases Fallopian Tubes Adolescent Adolescent Health Services Contraception Embryonic and Fetal Development Fallopian Tube Diseases Fallopian Tube Diseases Fallopian Tubes Female Fertilization in Vitro Humans Infertility, Female Infertility, Female Pregnancy Pregnancy, Tubal Pregnancy, Tubal Pregnancy, Tubal

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License: CC0 · commercial use OK