Evolution of Oral Contraceptive Pills.

References Christin-Maitre S. History of oral contraceptive drugs and their use worldwide. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;27(1):3–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2012.11.004. Burkman R, Bell C, Serfaty D. The evolution of combined oral contraception: improving the risk-to-benefit ratio. Contraception. 2011;84(1):19–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2010.11.004. Virtual Mentor.2000;2(6):55–56. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2000.2.6.dykn1-0006. White Junod S, Marks L. Women’s trials: the approval of the first oral contraceptive pill in the United States and Great Britain. J Hist Med. 2002;57:117–60. Netter A, Rozenbaum H. La contraception orale. In Histoire illustre´e de la contraception de l’Antiquité ános jours. Paris: Editions Roger Dacosta 1985; 339–71. Benagiano G, Bastianelli C, Farris M. Contraception today. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2006;1092:1–32. Kiley J, Hammond C. Combined oral contraceptives: a comprehensive review. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2007;50:868–77. Risk of thromboembolic disease in women taking oral contraceptives. A preliminary communication to the Medical Research Council by a Subcommittee. Br Med J 1967;2:355–9. Archer DF, Jensen JT, Johnson JV, et al. Evaluation of a continuous regimen of levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol: phase 3 study results. Contraception. 2006;74:439–45. Benagiano G, Carrara S, Filippi V. Safety, efficacy and patient satisfaction with continuous daily administration of levonorgestrel/ethinylestradiol oral contraceptives. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2009;3:131–43. WHO. Venous thromboembolic disease and combined oral contraceptives: results of international multicentre case-control study. World Health Organization Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception. Lancet 1995;346:1575–82. Bloemenkamp KW, Rosendaal FR, Helmerhorst FM, et al. Enhancement by factor V Leiden mutation of risk of deep-vein thrombosis associated with oral contraceptives containing a third-generation progestagen. Lancet. 1995;346:1593–6. Jick H, Jick SS, Gurewich V, et al. Risk of idiopathic cardiovascular death and nonfatal venous thromboembolism in women using oral contraceptives with differing progestagen components. Lancet. 1995;346:1589–93. van Hylckama VA, Helmerhorst FM, Vandenbroucke JP, et al. The venous thrombotic risk of oral contraceptives, effects of oestrogen dose and progestogen type: results of the MEGA case-control study. BMJ. 2009;339: b2921. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2921. Lidegaard Ø, Løkkegaard E, Svendsen AL, Agger C. Hormonal contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism: national follow-up study. BMJ. 2009;339: b2890. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2890. Reid RL, Westhoff C, Mansour D, et al. Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism. Consensus opinion from an international workshop held in Berlin, Germany in December 2009. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2010;36:117–22. Sitruk-Ware R. New progestagens for contraceptive use. Hum Reprod Update. 2006;12:169–78. Wiegratz I, Kuhl H. Metabolic and clinical effects of progestogens. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2006;11:153–61. Calaf i Alsina J. After 50 years of ethinylestradiol, another oestrogen in combined oral contraceptives. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2010;15:1–3. Fruzzetti F, Fidecicchi T, Montt Guevara MM, Simoncini T. Estetrol: a new choice for contraception. J Clin Med. 2021;10(23):5625. Author information Authors and Affiliations Corresponding author Ethics declarations Conflict of interest There are no conflicts of interest. Additional information Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Ashwini Bhalerao Gandhi is a Consultant Gynaecologist, P.D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India, Former Associate Professor of OBGY at TNMC & BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai, Vice President FOGSI 2013, President MOGS 2012–2013, National Chairperson of Adolescent Health Committee FOGSI 2004-2008 and President Mumbai Menopause Society 2019–2021; Pradnya Avinash Supe is a Former Assistant Professor, LTMMC & LTMGH, Sion, Mumbai and MOGS Managing Committee Member. Rights and permissions Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. About this article Cite this article Gandhi, A.B., Supe, P.A. Evolution of Oral Contraceptive Pills. J Obstet Gynecol India 74, 109–112 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-024-01988-4 Received: Accepted: Published: Version of record: Issue date: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-024-01988-4