Weibliche Fertilitätsstörungen und Risiken der assistierten Fertilisation

In: Springer Reference Medizin · 2025 · pp. 937–944 · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-60980-4_95 · W4410190402
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Delayed childbearing increases reliance on assisted reproduction, raising complex diagnostic, ethical, and complication issues, with endometriosis and AMH levels being key considerations.

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This chapter discusses female fertility disorders and the risks associated with assisted reproductive technology (ART), framing unresolved childlessness as a shift from a peripheral endocrine issue to a central gynecologic/urologic one. It reviews high-level factors such as anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), contraceptive history, possible links with infections, everyday exposures and environmental toxins, diagnostic standards, and counseling, noting that risk rises with more invasive ART methods and higher stimulation doses (e.g., ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple births). A key caveat is the described blurred boundary between “normal/physiologic” and “disease/therapy-required” fertility, which depends on perspective. Relevance to endometriosis: the chapter explicitly highlights endometriosis as a major topic in fertility-related women’s health over recent years and positions it as an increasingly prominent condition in public discourse and care structures, though the paper’s main focus is a broad overview of fertility disorders and ART risks rather than endometriosis specifically.

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Zusammenfassung Unerfüllter Kinderwunsch ist von einem Randgebiet der Endokrinologie zu einem zentralen Gebiet der Gynäkologie und Urologie geworden. Mit einem gesellschaftlichen und wirtschaftlichen Umfeld, in dem erst kurz vor dem 40.Geburtstag an das Kinderkriegen gedacht wird, ist bei vielen Paaren die Fertilität schon so reduziert, dass Nachwuchs nur mittels leichter bis intensiver medizinischer Nachhilfe entstehen kann. Erfolglose aber auch überschießende reproduktionsmedizinische Maßnahmen beschäftigen Schiedsstellen, Gerichte und damit Sachverständige. Die Grenze zwischen „normal/physiologisch“ und „krank/therapiebedürftig“ ist in wenigen Gebieten der Medizin so verschwommen und von der jeweiligen Betrachtungsweise abhängig, wie in der Beurteilung der weiblichen Fertilität. Der Stellenwert des Anti-Müller-Hormons AMH, die Kontrazeptions-Anamnese und ihr möglicher Zusammenhang mit Infektionen, die Rolle von Alltags-Noxen und Umweltgiften, die Standards der diagnostischen Abklärung und Beratung, all dies kann von zentraler Bedeutung sein. Je invasiver die reproduktionsmedizinischen Methoden, je höher die Dosierungen der angewendeten Stimulationsprotokolle, umso mehr steigt das Risiko von Nebenwirkungen und Komplikationen, vom ovariellen Hyperstimulationssyndrom bis zu Drillingen. Die Endometriose ist innerhalb weniger Jahre von einer Erkrankung, der ganz hinten in den Lehrbüchern wenige Seiten gewidmet waren und die Studierende nur widerwillig lernten, zu einem auch in den Populärmedien häufig behandelten Thema geworden mit Patientinnen-Aktionsgruppen, zertifizierten diagnostisch-therapeutischen Zentren und – in einigen europäischen Ländern- eigenen Endometriose-Bestimmungen in Gesundheits- und Sozialgesetzen. 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Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 80(2):179–189 Author information Authors and Affiliations Corresponding author Editor information Editors and Affiliations Section Editor information Rights and permissions Copyright information © 2025 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature About this chapter Cite this chapter Brezinka, C. (2025). Weibliche Fertilitätsstörungen und Risiken der assistierten Fertilisation. In: Breuer, J., Fritze, J., Popa, A., Scholtysik, D., Seifert, J., Wich, M. (eds) Die Ärztliche Begutachtung. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60980-4_95 Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60980-4_95 Published: Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg Print ISBN: 978-3-662-60979-8 Online ISBN: 978-3-662-60980-4 eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

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