Journal of the Endocrine Society

Abstract Background: Beta Human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) is used for diagnosing pregnancy. Differential diagnosis for elevated β-hCG includes false positive test due to antibody interference, gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), p…

Abstract A 60-year-old female presented with a three-year history of virilizing symptoms including facial hirsutism and deepening of voice. Her medical history was significant for renal transplantation with immunosuppressive therapy consist…

Studies have reported a possible association between the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in follicular fluid (FF) and infertility treatment outcomes. FF analysis can provide important information about oocyte quality. This study aimed…

Abstract BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent, inflammatory disease, and the role of estrogen is obvious because the symptoms associated with endometriosis often disappear after menopause, and GnRH agonists or progestin reliev…

Abstract Kisspeptin has a central role to stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Furthermore, a previous study has suggested that kisspeptin might have a peripheral role in follicular development (1). This study aimed to 1…

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Endometriosis is common gynaecological disorder that leads to infertility in females of reproductive age. It is characterized by endometrial glands and stromal tissues outside the wall of uterus. Upregulation of estra…

Abstract Endometriosis exerts detrimental effects on ovarian physiology and compromises follicular health. Granulosa cells of endometriosis patients are characterized by increased apoptosis, as well as high oxidative stress. Among several p…

Abstract Introduction: Craniopharyngioma is a rare tumor located in the suprasellar region. Due to the unique tumor location, hypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction is usually presented in these patients. The major symptoms are headache, v…

Abstract Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, including in Korea. In adults, the risk for CVD is increased approximately three-fold in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS), and the hazard ratio f…

Abstract Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (CAH) is encoded by the CYP21A2 gene. The CYP21A2 gene is flanked and partially overlapped by the TNXB gene encoding an extracellular matrix protein called Tenascin-X.…

Abstract Background: Metastases to the thyroid gland from non-thyroidal malignancies have been reported in 1.4-3% of patients undergoing thyroid surgery for malignant thyroid tumors, but only 4% of these are due to sarcomas1. Metastases in …

Abstract Background: Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormone refers to any process that negatively affects its action, including defects in its transport, metabolism and action on the receptor. Resistance to thyroid hormone due to beta-rece…

Abstract BACKGROUND On average, 1 of every 3 hospitalized patients — the majority with diabetes — requires insulin to control blood glucose during their stay. Although widely prescribed and absolutely necessary, insulin is inherently danger…

Abstract Supplementation with adjuvant therapies, including growth hormone (hGH), is commonly used to improve fertility treatment outcomes. hGH is important for normal female fertility; low hGH has been associated with causes of infertility…

Abstract Background: Bone age assessments (BAAs) is an important clinical modality to investigate endocrine, genetic and growth disorders in children. It is generally performed by radiological examination of the left hand by using either th…

Abstract Studies on excised aldosterone-producing lesions have found somatic mutations in five genes (KCNJ5, CACNA1D, ATP1A1, ATP2B3, and CTNNB1) commonly causes the excess aldosterone production. Interestingly, Oriental cohorts had the hig…

Abstract The mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors (MR and GR) are evolutionarily related nuclear receptors with high sequence conservation and a shared hormone response element (HRE). Both receptors are activated by glucocorticoid…

Abstract Endometriosis and uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are benign gynecological disorders affecting 5-15% of women of reproductive age. They cause a wide range of symptoms including mild to severe pelvic pain and infertility. Due to a pau…

Abstract Menstrual disorders are frequent in female athletes, especially those participating at the elite level. Factors which may contribute to impaired ovarian function in athletes include high training volumes, eating disorders and/or lo…

Abstract Background: Short stature is the most frequent clinical manifestation in Turner syndrome (TS), occurring in 98% of these patients. Growth hormone was shown to improve adult height in TS patients from diverse genetic backgrounds. Ho…

Abstract Abstract: Context: Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) presents with infiltrative exophthalmos due to excessive proliferation, adipogenesis and glycosaminoglycans production of orbital fibroblasts (OFs). There are few therapies potent for pro…

Abstract Hypertriglyceridemia… From mild to fatal! … Is Time for Awareness. Hypertriglyceridemia can be primary or acquired. High triglycerides are related to complications such as pancreatitis and there is a positive correlation between hy…

Abstract Background: Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a well-established cause of acute pancreatitis (AP) in up to 14% of all cases & up to 56% cases during pregnancy. The triad of HTG, Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and AP is rarely seen posing …

Abstract Overweight and obesity are global concerns affecting nearly one third of the world population. These conditions are characterized by increased adiposity and are accompanied by a proportional increase in circulating leptin, an anore…

Abstract Background: Even without atherosclerosis, diabetes increases the risk of death from coronary heart disease and heart failure. Myocardial perfusion dysfunction may occur in the early stage of diabetic cardiomyopathy, but its examina…