Clinical case reports

Ovarian ectopic pregnancy, though rare, should remain a differential diagnosis in women presenting with abdominal pain, amenorrhea, and vaginal bleeding, regardless of gestational age. Early clinical suspicion, timely imaging, and prompt su…

Urachal anomalies, though rare in adults, should be considered in patients with recurrent urinary tract infections. We report a 38-year-old woman with a bladder dome cystic lesion. Early imaging and surgical intervention are vital to preven…

Uterine leiomyomas, commonly known as fibroids, are the most prevalent pelvic tumors in females, affecting 20%-30% of women of reproductive age. However, large pedunculated subserosal leiomyomas presenting during early pregnancy are uncommo…

Umbilical endometriosis is a rare extrapelvic manifestation of endometriosis, presenting diagnostic and surgical challenges. We report a case of a 43-year-old woman with a history of two cesarean sections who presented with a progressively …

This case report demonstrates the enhanced visualization capabilities of FAPI in visualizing deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) lesions compared to ultrasonography and MRI, suggesting its potential as a powerful diagnostic tool in the fu…

Uterine leiomyomas are common benign tumors, but their clinical presentation can be misleading. We report two unusual cases of pedunculated uterine masses presenting with heavy vaginal bleeding. In the first case, a woman in her 40s underwe…

Ovarian fibroma with minor sex cord elements is a rare and underrecognized histological variant of ovarian stromal tumors. While the bulk of the tumor resembles a classic fibroma, the presence of small foci of sexcord-like cells can create …

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare multisystem genetic disorder characterized by the development of hamartomatous lesions in multiple organs. Although neurologic and dermatologic manifestations commonly lead to diagnosis during chil…

Heterotopic pregnancy, though rare, should be suspected in early pregnancy with abdominal pain or bleeding, even when an intrauterine pregnancy is confirmed. Prompt transvaginal ultrasound and timely laparoscopic management are essential to…

To describe the longitudinal functional recovery of a patient with refractory lower-limb complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), a disabling condition associated with pain and motor dysfunction, following individualized KAFO-assisted rehabil…

Early recognition of imperforate hymen in premenarchal girls enables timely intervention to prevent serious complications; however, its nonspecific presentation often leads to missed diagnosis in primary care. Careful genital examination, s…

A 21-year-old woman with dysmenorrhea, mechanical low back pain, early lumbar spondylosis, heavy menstrual bleeding, and anemia received 4 weeks of multimodal physiotherapy. Pain and function improved, but heavy bleeding created diagnostic …

Transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte retrieval is routine for assisted reproduction, but unfit for some special patients. We report an elderly infertile patient with adenomyosis, whose transvaginal retrieval was high risk. Intraoperative c…

Severe but newly diagnosed cardiometabolic derangements do not preclude safe myomectomy. Structured, time-limited optimization with multidisciplinary input allows surgery to proceed once cardiovascular risk is controlled, even if glycemic t…

A rare case of primary amenorrhea caused by cervical hypoplasia and vaginal agenesis highlights the critical need for early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention to prevent severe complications such as hematometra, endometriosis, infec…

An advanced abdominal in a rudimentary horn pregnancy is rare and difficult to diagnose, especially in late gestation. Accurate early recognition, multidisciplinary planning, and preoperative vascular interventions are critical. With precis…

Imperforate hymen should be suspected in adolescent girls presenting with primary amenorrhea and cyclic abdominal or pelvic pain. Early genital examination is essential for timely diagnosis. Prompt hymenectomy prevents hematocolpos, urinary…

Here we present follow up of 3 cases of mid vaginal atresia and a functional uterus treated by single stage utero vaginal anastomosis using rectal tube insertion in uterus (for drainage) simultaneously with the amnion graft for vaginoplasty…

Robert's uterus is a rare congenital Müllerian duct anomaly characterized by an asymmetric septum dividing the uterine cavity into a communicating and a blind hemicavity despite a normal external contour. Although fewer than 200 cases have …

Endometriosis is a benign, estrogen-dependent condition affecting 6%-10% of women of reproductive age, typically involving pelvic organs but occasionally presenting in extrapelvic locations such as the umbilicus. We report a case of umbilic…

Although uterine incarceration is typically associated with pregnancy, this report presents a rare case of uterine incarceration in a non-pregnant woman, highlighting adenomyosis as an uncommonly and underrecognized etiology, distinct from …

Ovarian leiomyoma (OL) is an exceedingly rare benign tumor that originates from ovarian smooth muscle cells and accounts for approximately 0.5%-1% of all benign ovarian neoplasms. To date, around 100 cases have been documented worldwide. OL…

A rare case of progressive dysmenorrhea caused by a non-communicating functional rudimentary horn of the unicornuate uterus highlights the critical need for early imaging and timely surgical intervention to prevent severe complications such…

This case report presents a rare case of ischiorectal fossa myxofibrosarcoma, which was successfully excised with a clear margin and full preservation of the patient's pudendal nerve function. We present our surgical technique in 10 steps, …

Xanthogranulomatous oophoritis is an extremely rare, chronic inflammatory condition of the ovary characterized by the replacement of normal ovarian tissue with lipid-laden macrophages, plasma cells, and lymphocytes. When the genital tract i…