Human Reproduction

STUDY QUESTION: Is there a global consensus on the management of endometriosis that considers the views of women with endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: It was possible to produce an international consensus statement on the current management …

STUDY QUESTION: Do endometriomas induce an inflammatory reaction with increased cytokine concentrations in nearby follicles and thereby affect follicular development during controlled ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF)? S…

STUDY QUESTION: Is there a difference between women with endometriosis who underwent laparoscopic surgery with bowel resection or without bowel resection regarding depressive symptoms, relational adjustment and sexual functioning? SUMMARY …

Endometriosis in the adolescent has, in recent years, been discovered to be a challenging problem in gynaecology. Although the pain may start at a young age, even before the onset of menstruation, the diagnosis by laparoscopy is almost alwa…

STUDY QUESTION: How do the expression patterns of neuronal markers differ in the endometrium of women with and without endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: The neuronal markers, PGP9.5, NGFp75 and VR1, are expressed in the endometrium at levels …

STUDY QUESTION: Can the ability of the endometriosis fertility index (EFI) to predict non-assisted reproductive technology (ART) pregnancy after endometriosis surgery be confirmed by an external validation study? SUMMARY ANSWER: The signif…

The visual appearance of endometriosis is important because every intellectual and therapeutic process begins with a surgeon identifying disease. Inaccurate identification of disease can introduce selection bias at a firstorder level and co…

STUDY QUESTION: What is the potential impact of follicular fluid (FF) from infertile women with mild endometriosis (ME) on oocyte quality, especially on nuclear maturation and the meiotic spindle? SUMMARY ANSWER: FF from infertile women wi…

STUDY QUESTION: Is ovarian or extra-ovarian endometriosis associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer and borderline ovarian tumours (BOT)? SUMMARY ANSWER: We found a 3- to 8-fold increased risk of ovarian tumours associated with e…

STUDY QUESTION: Are we able to develop a model to calculate the chances of pregnancy prior to the start of the first IVF cycle as well as after one or more failed cycles? SUMMARY ANSWER: Our prediction model enables the accurate individual…

STUDY QUESTION: Are levels of circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) affected by the presence of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Levels of CACs are equivalent in women with and without endometriosis. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Murine models have …

STUDY QUESTION: What are the regression and hysterectomy rates for women treated with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) compared with oral progestogens for endometrial hyperplasia (EH)? SUMMARY ANSWER: The LNG-IUS …

STUDY QUESTION: What is the global expression pattern of microRNAs (miRNAs) in endometriotic stromal cells and is miR-196b involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Several miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in endometrio…

We elaborate on a new theory to explain pelvic endometriosis, including endometriosis in premenarcheal girls, based on the finding that the neonatal endometrium can display secretory activity immediately after birth and, in some cases, chan…

STUDY QUESTION: Is Nometastatic gene 23-H1 (NME1, also known as nm23-H1) involved in regulating the biological behavior of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), and does it participate in the pathogenesis of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: NME1…

STUDY QUESTION: Is there any occurrence of hidden (occult) endometriotic lesions in normal peritoneum of women with and without visible endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: We detected a slightly higher occurrence of occult microscopic endometri…

STUDY QUESTION: Are interleukin-33 (IL-33) serum levels higher in women with uterine leiomyoma compared with controls without leiomyoma? SUMMARY ANSWER: Serum IL-33 is elevated in women with uterine leiomyoma and correlated with features o…

STUDY QUESTION: Do the presence of endometriomas and their laparoscopic excision lead to a decrease in ovarian reserve as assessed by serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels? SUMMARY ANSWER: Both the presence and excision of endometrioma…

STUDY QUESTION: Can the ranked expression levels of a cohort of cumulus cell (CC) genes be used to select MII oocytes with a potential for blastocyst development and live birth? SUMMARY ANSWER: A ranking method containing four (HAS2, FSHR,…

STUDY QUESTION: Is it possible to replicate the previously identified genetic association of four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs12700667, rs7798431, rs1250248 and rs7521902, with endometriosis in a Caucasian population? SUMMARY…

STUDY QUESTION: Do reproductive risk factor associations differ across subgroups of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) defined by the dualistic model (type I/II) or a histologic pathway-based classification? SUMMARY ANSWER: Associati…