Human Reproduction

STUDY QUESTION: Is maltreatment during childhood (MC), e.g. sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse and neglect, associated with diagnosis of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Childhood sexual abuse, emotional abuse/neglect and inconsis…

STUDY QUESTION: Is the length of the anogenital distance (AGD) a biomarker of ovarian reserve and response to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS)? SUMMARY ANSWER: Shorter AGD is associated with presence of poor ovarian response. WHAT IS …

STUDY QUESTION: Is there a reduced live-birth rate (LBR) after IVF/ICSI treatment in women with a previous unilateral oophorectomy (UO)? SUMMARY ANSWER: A significantly reduced LBR after IVF/ICSI was found in women with previous UO when co…

STUDY QUESTION: Is endometriosis associated with aberrant sialylation patterns and what is the potential impact of such anomalies on cell migratory properties? SUMMARY ANSWER: The reduced α-2,6 sialylation patterns in the peritoneal fluid …

STUDY QUESTION: Does interleukin-32 (IL-32) play a role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: IL-32 might be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis through increased viability, proliferation and invasion of endometri…

STUDY QUESTION: Is transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue from patients with borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) a safe procedure? SUMMARY ANSWER: BOT cells were found in frozen-thawed and xenografted ovarian tissue in 1 of 11 BOT pa…

STUDY QUESTION: What is the role of SFRP2 in endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: SFRP2 acts as a canonical WNT/CTNNB1 signaling agonist in endometriosis, regulating endometriosis lesion growth and indicating endometriosis lesion borders togethe…

STUDY QUESTION: Do sensory nerves play any role in the development of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Sensory nerves participate in all major steps (epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation (…

STUDY QUESTION: Does spontaneous endometriosis in cynomolgus monkeys have the characteristics required of a good experimental model? SUMMARY ANSWER: Spontaneous endometriosis in cynomolgus monkeys exhibited similar clinicopathological char…

STUDY QUESTION: How does hypoxia-mediated downregulation of chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII) promote angiogenesis in endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Suppression of COUP-TFII by hypoxia stimulates angio…

STUDY QUESTION: Is it possible to establish a mouse model of deep endometriosis (DE)? SUMMARY ANSWER: A mouse DE model that is macroscopically and microscopically similar to nodular lesions in humans can be constructed in as short as 3 wee…

STUDY QUESTION: What is the impact of endometriosis on male partners of women with the condition? SUMMARY ANSWER: Endometriosis significantly impacts men across several life domains and can negatively impact emotional well-being. WHAT IS …

STUDY QUESTION: Are body size across the life course and adult height associated with endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Endometriosis is associated with lean body size during childhood, adolescence and adulthood; tall total adult height; and …

STUDY QUESTION: Is it possible to develop a validated score that can identify women with Bowel Endometriosis Syndrome (BENS) and be used to monitor the effect of medical and surgical treatment? SUMMARY ANSWER: The BENS score can be used to…

STUDY QUESTION: How does the cost-effectiveness (CE) of immediate IVF compared with postponing IVF for 1 year, depend on prognostic characteristics of the couple? SUMMARY ANSWER: The CE ratio, i.e. the incremental costs of immediate versus…

STUDY QUESTION: What doses of secretory phase progesterone (P) in women are associated with altered endometrial structure and/or function? SUMMARY ANSWER: Consistently delayed histological maturation was seen at the lowest tested daily P d…

STUDY QUESTION: Is there a difference in pregnancy rates between embryos transferred electively on Day 5 and Day 6, respectively? SUMMARY ANSWER: The chance of pregnancy is significantly reduced (odds ratio (OR): 0.34; 95% CI 0.22-0.52) if…

STUDY QUESTION: How does progesterone alter matrix remodeling in abdominal wall endometriomas compared with normal endometrium? SUMMARY ANSWER: Progesterone may prevent attachment of endometrial cells to the abdominal wall, but does not am…

STUDY QUESTION: Are there any phenotypic and structural/architectural changes in the vessels of endometrium and superficial myometrium during the normal menstrual cycle in healthy women and those with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB)? SUMMAR…

STUDY QUESTION: Can live birth be accurately predicted following surgical resection of moderate-severe (Stage III-IV) endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Live births can accurately be predicted with the endometriosis fertility index (EFI), with…

STUDY QUESTION: What happens to the gut microbiota during development of murine endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Mice with the persistence of endometrial lesions for 42 days develop a distinct composition of gut microbiota. WHAT IS KNOWN AL…

STUDY QUESTION: What are the fertility outcomes in women wishing to conceive after experiencing a severe complication from surgical removal of colorectal endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: The pregnancy rate (PR) among women who wished to conc…

STUDY QUESTION: Do genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for endometriosis provide insight into novel biological pathways associated with its pathogenesis? SUMMARY ANSWER: GWAS analysis uncovered multiple pathways that are statisticall…

STUDY QUESTION: Which of the Endometriosis Health Profile-5 (EHP-5) and the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) is the most efficient to assess quality of life in women suffering from endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Although EHP-5 and EQ-5D instruments had …