Frontiers in endocrinology

Many different progestogens are used by millions of women worldwide for oral contraception, either alone (Progestogen-only Pills [POPs]) or as combined oral contraceptives (COCs) comprising a synthetic estrogen (ethinyl estradiol [EE]), or …

ObjectiveTo explore the factors associated with elevated serum progesterone (P) levels on the day of hCG administration in patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-A) protoco…

ObjectiveIn recent years, advancements in metabolomics have highlighted that changes in metabolic states within the body might also be closely related to missed abortion. However, the specific impacts of metabolic abnormalities on missed ab…

BackgroundIn assisted reproductive technology (ART) laboratories, semen processing is traditionally performed using manual density gradient centrifugation (DGC), which is labor intensive, time consuming, and subject to inter-technician vari…

ObjectiveTo explore the value of transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound (TVCDS) combined with serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) and carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA125) in diagnosing threatened abortion and predicting adverse pregnanc…

BACKGROUND: Assisted reproductive treatment for women with endometriosis and diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is challenging, and the optimal controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocol for this population remains uncertain. This study co…

Ovarian response to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is a core determinant of assisted reproductive technology (ART) success, with marked interindividual variability. Accurate and individualized prediction is essential to optimize treat…

BACKGROUND: Adenomyosis is increasingly recognized as a heterogeneous syndrome comprising focal and diffuse subtypes. While adenomyosis is known to be associated with endometrial lesions, it remains unclear whether this risk varies between …

BACKGROUND: Adiposity influences reproductive function via endocrine and immune pathways. The association between body mass index (BMI) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in endometriosis is uncertain, and BMI may not fully capture adiposity-…

BACKGROUND: Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is a severe subtype of endometriosis, often associated with dysmenorrhea and significant diagnostic challenges. Conventional biomarkers, such as cancer antigen 125 (CA125), lack sufficient s…

BackgroundPreeclampsia (PE) is a significant complication of pregnancy, and its association with in vitro fertilization (IVF) remains unclear, especially across different demographic groups.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective multicenter co…

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the ovarian sensitivity index (OSI) and ovarian responsiveness, embryo quality, and pregnancy outcomes in women of advanced reproductive age (≥35 years) undergoing IVF-ET.MethodsThis retrospec…

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between serum progesterone (P) on the day of embryo transfer (ET) and pregnancy outcomes in patients classified as POSEIDON Group 1.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Reprodu…

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the dynamic trajectories of urinary human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and the risk of early miscarriage after embryo transfer.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study conducted in Hebei Matern…

ObjectiveThis retrospective cohort study investigated the association between estradiol (E2), progesterone (P) levels on human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) day and the pregnancy outcomes of fresh embryo transfer cycles in In Vitro Fertiliza…

IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in serum (VD-S) and follicular fluid (VD-FF) and the laboratory outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in patients with diminished ov…

BACKGROUND: Observational studies have reported comorbidity between autoimmune thyroid disease and endometriosis, but whether this reflects a direct causal relationship or shared susceptibility remains unclear. We evaluated the bidirectiona…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a complex gynecological disorder lacking reliable biomarkers. This study aimed to identify core diagnostic genes through integrated computational approaches. Multiple endometriosis transcriptomic datasets were a…

BackgroundOxidative balance within follicular fluid (FF) plays an important role in oocyte competence and female fertility. However, most previous studies have focused on isolated oxidative biomarkers rather than on the coordinated organiza…

BackgroundFirst-line treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen for primary dysmenorrhea is effective for short-term pain relief but is often associated with a high recurrence of pain upon discontinuation. Tradition…

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is associated with a substantially higher cardiovascular risk than essential hypertension, a disparity that cannot be fully explained by blood pressure elevation alone. Clinical studies consistently demonstrate th…

INTRODUCTION: Each month, the endometrium is shed, regenerated, and transformed in response to changing hormone levels. These processes occur in a tightly regulated manner, and irregularities are linked with reproductive health conditions s…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis, PCOS, adenomyosis, and dysmenorrhea are major illnesses. Hormonal as well as non-hormonal treatments were evaluated for COCs, progestins, GnRH analogues, LNG-IUS, relugolix, and adjunctive therapies. These treatme…

BackgroundDiminished ovarian reserve (DOR) has emerged as a significant reproductive challenge and a broader societal concern. Most previous studies have focused on ovarian reserve markers, while limited research has examined DOR as a prima…