American Journal of Epidemiology

We investigated the time-varying association between parity and timing of natural menopause, surgical menopause, and premenopausal hysterectomy among 23 728 women aged 40-65 years at enrollment in the Alberta's Tomorrow Project cohort study…

Ovarian cancer incidence has declined in recent decades, due in part to oral contraceptive (OC) use and tubal ligation. However, intrauterine device (IUD) use has increasingly replaced OC use. As ovarian cancer is an inflammation-related di…

Ovarian cancer is a rare and highly heterogeneous disease usually detected at late stages when outcomes are poor. Population-based screening approaches have not been successful at reducing ovarian cancer mortality, but preventive bilateral …

Uterine fibroids and endometriosis may be associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. Less is known about the role of hysterectomy in these associations. We estimated the independent and joint associations of hysterectomy, fibroids…

Electronic health records (EHRs) present opportunities to study uterine fibroids and endometriosis within diverse populations. When using EHR data, it is important to validate outcome classification via diagnosis codes. We performed a valid…

The Women's Health Study (WENDY) was conducted to improve insights into women's health and health burden. It provides a unique, comprehensive data source that can be broadly utilized to understand gynecological symptoms, diseases, and their…

We examined the association between childhood adversity and fecundability (the per-cycle probability of conception), and the extent to which childhood social support modified this association. We used data from 6318 female participants aged…

Limited estimates exist on risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in Asian, Hispanic, and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander women. Participants in this study included 1734 Asian (n = 785 case and 949 control participants), 266 Nati…

Few studies have evaluated the association between periodontitis and spontaneous abortion (SAB), and all had limitations. We used data from the Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO), a prospective preconception cohort study of 3,444 pregnancy pla…

Few studies have assessed the association between endogenous steroid hormone levels and a subsequent diagnosis of endometriosis. We prospectively evaluated premenopausal plasma sex hormone levels and the risk of laparoscopically confirmed e…

Endometriosis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are chronic inflammatory disorders whose etiologies remain poorly understood but may be correlated, as endometriosis has been associated with other inflammatory disorders. We investiga…

Quantitative bias analysis comprises the tools used to estimate the direction, magnitude, and uncertainty from systematic errors affecting epidemiologic research. Despite the availability of methods and tools, and guidance for good practice…

Using claims data from the universal health insurance program of Taiwan, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate whether endometriosis and hormone therapy are associated with the risk of developing hyperlipidemia. We select…

The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of mental health outcomes in women in the United States with and without documented endometriosis. In a retrospective matched-cohort study using administrative health claims data from O…

Reproductive events, such as ovulation, trigger an inflammatory cascade. Few studies have examined their long-term influence on inflammatory profiles. We included 3,393 premenopausal and 3,915 postmenopausal women with intact ovaries/uterus…

Inflammatory processes are known to drive the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer disease, as well as all-cause mortality. Emerging research indicates that women who have a longer reprodu…

Early natural menopause, the cessation of ovarian function prior to age 45 years, affects approximately 10% of women and increases risk of cardiovascular disease and other adverse conditions. Laboratory evidence suggests a potential role of…

Traffic-related air pollution has been linked to higher risks of infertility and miscarriage. We evaluated whether folate intake modified the relationship between air pollution and livebirth among women using assisted reproductive technolog…

The association between dietary fat and fertility is not well studied. We evaluated intakes of total fat, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids (TFA), ω-3 fatty acids, and ω-6 fat…

In a 1989 paper, Marchbanks et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 1989;130(2):259-267) noted inconsistent definitions of infertility across research and clinical practice and examined differences in prevalence estimates across definitions. Since their st…

There have been recent proposals advocating the use of additive gene-environment interaction instead of the widely used multiplicative scale, as a more relevant public health measure. Using gene-environment independence enhances statistical…

Despite established sex differences and longstanding hypotheses of sex hormone influence in the etiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), we have found no studies that evaluated type of menopause and age at menopause, which affect postmeno…

Much evidence suggests a role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Although investigators in numerous case-control studies have found elevation of inflammatory markers in patients with endometriosis, results were not consi…

Inflammation has been implicated in ovarian carcinogenesis. However, studies investigating the association between pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and ovarian cancer risk are few and inconsistent. We investigated the association between P…