Cureus

Obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA) is a rare congenital anomaly that affects females. Although it is possible to diagnose in early life, most cases are usually diagnosed in adolescence or adulthood. This delay in d…

Post-surgical neuropathies are uncommon but clinically significant complications of minimally invasive pelvic procedures. Obturator nerve injury, in particular, remains underrecognized in the context of hysterectomy and prostatectomy. We pr…

Abnormal uterine bleeding due to ovulatory dysfunction (AUB-O) is a frequent gynecological problem affecting women of reproductive and perimenopausal age. While norethisterone, a synthetic progestogen, has been widely used for medical manag…

Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) is a rare and devastating neurological condition linked with the rapid correction of serum hyponatremia. We present a case report of a young female patient who developed ODS following an aggressive corre…

Introduction Total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) has emerged as a preferred surgical approach for managing various benign and premalignant gynecological conditions. It offers significant advantages over traditional hysterectomy techniques…

Ovarian ectopic pregnancy (OEP) is a rare but potentially life-threatening form of ectopic gestation. Although recognized as a distinct clinical entity, its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management remain poorly defined. Clinical presenta…

AIM: This study aimed to examine the effects on oocyte retrieval, culture results, and pregnancy rates in Japanese women who underwent ovarian stimulation for assisted reproductive technology using two different protocols with follitropin d…

Uterine didelphys is a rare Müllerian anomaly occurring in approximately 0.1-0.5% of women. It is characterised by duplicated uterine and cervical structures and presents significant diagnostic and surgical challenges. The coexistence of at…

Pancreatico-enteric fistulas are rare complications of chronic pancreatitis, with colonic involvement carrying particularly high morbidity and mortality. Early recognition and prompt surgical management are critical to improving outcomes. W…

Actinomycosis is a rare but persistent bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces spp., a Gram-positive bacillus that typically inhabits the oropharynx and gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts. It can infiltrate deeper tissues following tr…

Appendicitis is the leading non-obstetric surgical emergency during pregnancy. Its diagnosis is complicated by pregnancy-related anatomical changes and poses significant risks for maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. This report desc…

Background In recent years, there has been a breakthrough in the development of advanced computational systems based on neural networks. One such system is ChatGPT, first released in 2018, whose potential was quickly recognized, leading to …

Introduction Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a very common concern for women that can often necessitate surgical intervention, including sacral colpopexy. There are multiple surgical approaches, including vaginal, extraperitoneal, and intrap…

Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is vital for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis. Auto-antibodies against GAD deplete GAD levels and subsequently GABA, resulting in a hyper-excitatory state. A 41-year-old woman with anti-GAD encephal…

Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is an emerging therapeutic intervention for chronic pain that modulates peripheral nerve activity, improving the interplay between Aβ and C fibers to reduce central sensitization and local nociceptive sign…

Peritoneal carcinomatosis is typically associated with advanced malignancy and is most often identified on imaging by multifocal peritoneal and omental involvement. However, benign conditions may closely mimic these findings, leading to dia…

Peritoneal tuberculosis should be considered in young patients presenting with non-specific abdominal pain, constitutional symptoms and ascites. Here, we describe a case of a 29-year-old woman with pelvic pain, abdominal distension and weig…

OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to comprehensively analyze the expression profiles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), estrogen-related receptor-α (ERRα), estrogen receptor-β (ERβ), interleukin…

Introduction Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common issue in gynecological practice and may require evaluation depending on the patient's age and clinical presentation. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy, samp…

Pituitary apoplexy is a rare but potentially life-threatening endocrine emergency characterized by acute hemorrhage or infarction of the pituitary gland. While often associated with pre-existing adenomas, it may also occur in previously nor…

Porous diaphragm syndrome (PDS) is a rare and underrecognized condition characterized by the transdiaphragmatic migration of peritoneal contents into the pleural cavity through defects in the diaphragm, most often affecting the right hemidi…

A Japanese woman in her 30s presented to the emergency department at midnight with right upper quadrant pain that had lasted for a week. Without a definitive diagnosis, she was prescribed acetaminophen and levofloxacin and discharged. When …

Introduction Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has revolutionized the surgical approach to gallbladder removal and has since then become the gold standard. Despite the significant benefits of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, complications requiring…

Thoracic endometriosis is a rare disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue within the thoracic cavity. Diagnostic findings, symptom presentations, and treatment methods have varied in defining thoracic endometriosis. Most …

Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrium, mainly within the peritoneal cavity, and is associated with the development of inflammation due to cyclic endometrial alterations. The end result of endometrio…