BACKGROUND: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-pharmacological treatment that works by delivering electrical currents via electrodes attached to the skin at the site of pain. It can be an alternative to pharmacologi…
Background: Uterine adenomyosis is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue in the myometrium of the uterus and is a known cause of chronic pelvic pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, and subfertility. However, its pathogenesis is n…
BACKGROUND: Primary dysmenorrhea is a condition characterized by painful menstrual cramps that usually occurs in the absence of any identifiable pathological condition among menstruating women, with the prevalence estimates varying between …
BACKGROUND: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the current evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on primary dysmenorrhea. METHODS: Ten electronic databases were searched for relevant articles published before Dece…