Apostolos Kaponis

PURPOSE: Neoangiogenesis is necessary for adhesion and invasion of endometriotic lesions. We hypothesize that by blocking angiogenetic pathways we can suppress endometriosis. Oral contraceptive pills (OCs) are routinely used in endometriosi…

ABSTRACT Importance Axial downregulation with a 3- to 6-month administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) prior to assisted reproduction techniques has been proposed in order to improve clinical pregnancy rates in wom…

PURPOSE: Neoangiogenesis is necessary for adhesion and invasiveness of endometriotic lesions in women affected by endometriosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the main components of angiogenesis and is part of the majo…

Importance Irrespective of the precise mechanisms leading to endometriosis, angiogenesis is essential for the establishment and long-term proliferation of the disease. As current surgical and medical management options for women with endome…

Until recently, adenomyosis has been associated with multiparity, not impaired fertility. Currently, adenomyosis is diagnosed with increasing frequency in infertile patients since women delay their first pregnancy until their late 30s or ea…

Importance Ovarian endometrioma is the most common form of endometriosis. Laparoscopy is frequently chosen for its treatment because medical treatment alone is inadequate. However, the role of laparoscopic treatment of ovarian endometriomas…

The nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor playing vital roles in innate immunity and other processes involving cellular survival, proliferation, and differentiation. This review highlights the im…

Apoptosis is a distinctive form of programmed cell death resulting in the efficient elimination of cells without eliciting an inflammatory response. Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial cells with capacity to avoid …