Jorge E. Chavarro

PURPOSE: To enhance the understanding of the clinical significance of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in follicular fluid, we aimed to determine the variability of AMH concentrations in follicular fluid within and across IVF cycles and whether…

OBJECTIVE: Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an exceptionally high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Yet, little is known about genetic determinants for T2D in this population. We examined the association of a g…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether irregular or long menstrual cycles throughout the life course are associated with all cause and cause specific premature mortality (age <70 years). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Nurses' Health S…

BACKGROUND: Modifiable risk factors such as diet may be important in both the etiology and progression of endometriosis as well as the prevalence of pain symptoms and infertility associated with this condition. In adults, higher intake of d…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between endometriosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: Women between ages 25 and 42 years in 1989 (n=116,429) reported detailed information on pregnancies and reproductive health at baseli…

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of studies have linked air pollution to decreased fertility. Whether this is due to an effect on ovarian reserve is unknown. METHOD: Our study included 632 women attending the Massachusetts General Hospital…

BACKGROUND: Randomized trials of supplementation with antioxidant mixtures during infertility treatment show no benefit on pregnancy or live birth rate. However, the roles of individual antioxidants are poorly understood. We examined the as…

STUDY QUESTION: What is the association of female and male partner marijuana smoking with infertility treatment outcomes with ART? SUMMARY ANSWER: Women who were marijuana smokers at enrollment had a significantly higher adjusted probabili…

RESEARCH QUESTION: Studies in rodents have shown that paternal folate intake prior to conception is associated with pregnancy and offspring outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether those associations might apply to humans as we…

PURPOSE: Poor fertilization during conventional IVF is difficult to predict in the absence of abnormal semen parameters; large-scale studies are lacking. The purpose of this study is to evaluate factors associated with low fertilization rat…

Traffic-related air pollution has been linked to higher risks of infertility and miscarriage. We evaluated whether folate intake modified the relationship between air pollution and livebirth among women using assisted reproductive technolog…

BACKGROUND: Only 2 case-control studies have examined the associations between consumption of meat products and endometriosis risk with inconsistent results. Consumption of animal products has the potential to influence endometriosis risk t…

IMPORTANCE: Animal experiments suggest that ingestion of pesticide mixtures at environmentally relevant concentrations decreases the number of live-born offspring. Whether the same is true in humans is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To examine the as…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between demographic, lifestyle, and reproductive factors and the risk of ectopic pregnancy (EP). DESIGN: Prospective cohort. SETTING: United States. PATIENT(S): Nurses' Health Study II cohort compr…

STUDY QUESTION: Is there an association between intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Higher intake of fruits, particularly citrus fruits, is associated with a lower risk of e…

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy that has substantial short- and long-term adverse health implications for women and their children. However, large-scale studies on genetic risk loci…

BACKGROUND: Some dietary factors have been linked to outcomes of infertility treatment with assisted reproductive technology (ART), but the role of intake of meats and other protein-rich foods remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this ma…

STUDY QUESTION: Are serum polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) concentrations, including omega-3 (ω3-PUFA) and omega-6 (ω6-PUFA), related to ART outcomes? SUMMARY ANSWER: Serum levels of long-chain ω3-PUFA were positively associated with pro…

BACKGROUND: The Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study is an ongoing prospective preconception cohort designed to investigate the impact of environmental, nutritional, and lifestyle factors among both women and men on fertility a…

OBJECTIVE: To study whether maternal intake of beverage type affects IVF outcomes. DESIGN: A prospective study. SETTING: Tertiary, university-affiliated center. PATIENT(S): Three hundred forty women undergoing IVF from 2014 through 2016 …

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking has been associated with worse infertility treatment outcomes, yet some studies have found null or inconsistent results. METHODS: We followed 225 couples who underwent 354 fresh non-donor assisted reproductive…

Much of the literature on the impact of male caffeine and alcohol intake on reproductive outcomes has utilized semen quality as a proxy for male fertility, although semen parameters have a limited predictive value for spontaneous pregnancy.…