BackgroundChronic ocular surface pain (COSP), occurring either in isolation or as part of numerous ocular conditions, such as dry eye syndrome, is a leading cause of eye care visits in the United States. Conventional treatments directed at …
Chronic overlapping pain conditions (COPCs) refer to a set of chronic pain disorders that frequently co-occur and may involve partially overlapping mechanisms. The U.S. National Institutes of Health currently recognizes ten COPCs: fibromyal…
Chronic ocular surface pain (COSP) refers to interrelated symptoms such as burning, aching, and irritation and can occur as an isolated condition or comorbid with numerous ocular disorders, including dry eye syndrome Treatments for COSP are…
BackgroundChronic primary pain describes conditions where pain is the principal problem rather than a consequence of another disease. Primary pain is thought to be primarily owing to nociplastic pain (i.e. pain as a result of altered nocice…
ObjectiveNociplastic pain is pain primarily driven by the central nervous system and, unlike nociceptive pain conditions, is thought to be refractory to peripherally directed therapies. Nociplastic pain is also associated with hypersensitiv…
AbstractFibromyalgia has been characterized by augmented cross-network functional communication between the brain's sensorimotor, default mode, and attentional (salience/ventral and dorsal) networks. However, the underlying mechanisms of th…