Calafat AM

BackgroundFemale sexual function is important for sexual well-being, general health, fertility, and relationship satisfaction. Distressing impairments in sexual function, clinically recognized as female sexual dysfunction (FSD), can manifes…

Exposure to phthalates is common and difficult to avoid. However, intake of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3PUFAs) may ameliorate negative effects on ovarian reserve by exposure to phthalates as both are involved in key proces…

Some studies indicate that Black women have higher exposure to multiple non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) than white women, but little is known about correlates of exposure to EDC mixtures. Using baseline data from a pros…

BackgroundPhthalates are endocrine-disrupting chemicals that are widely present in consumer products. In the United States, Black women are more highly exposed to phthalates than other racial/ethnic groups, yet information on predictors of …

BackgroundFew epidemiologic studies have evaluated the impact of paternal environmental exposures, particularly as mixtures, on couples' pregnancy outcomes.ObjectiveWe investigated whether mixtures of paternal urinary bisphenol A (BPA), par…

ContextPrevious epidemiologic studies of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and menopausal timing conducted in cross-sectional settings were limited by reverse causation because PFAS serum concentrations increase after menopause.Ob…

BackgroundSubfertile women have higher risk of glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Studies suggest associations between several endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and pregnancy glucose levels. However, the association between benzophen…

ObjectivesTo examine the association between phthalate exposure and two measures of uterine fibroid burden: diameter of largest fibroid and uterine volume.DesignPilot, cross-sectional study.SettingAcademic medical center.Patient(s)Fifty-sev…

BackgroundPhthalates are ubiquitous endocrine disrupting chemicals present in a wide variety of consumer products. However, the personal characteristics associated with phthalate exposure are unclear.ObjectivesWe sought to describe personal…

BackgroundWe have previously investigated whether urinary concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), parabens, and phthalate metabolites were individually associated with reproductive outcomes among women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) t…

BackgroundThe Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study is an ongoing prospective preconception cohort designed to investigate the impact of environmental, nutritional, and lifestyle factors among both women and men on fertility and…

BackgroundSubfertile women are at increased risk of glucose intolerance in pregnancy. Based on epidemiologic studies, exposure to certain phthalates is associated with diabetes, elevated glucose, and increased insulin resistance.ObjectivesT…

Phthalates are a class of chemicals found in a large variety of consumer products. Available experimental and limited human data show adverse effects of some phthalates on ovarian function, which has raised concerns regarding potential effe…

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between urinary triclosan concentrations and antral follicle count (AFC), a well-accepted marker of ovarian reserve, among women from a fertility center.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingHospital …

Experimental data in rodents suggest that the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on oocyte development may be modified by dietary methyl donors. Whether the same interaction exists in humans is unknown. We evaluated whether intake of methyl donor…

Di(isononyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH), a non-phthalate plasticizer, was introduced commercially in 2002 as an alternative to ortho-phthalate esters because of its favorable toxicological profile. However, the potential health ef…

BackgroundAnimal studies demonstrate that several phthalates are embryofetotoxic and are associated with increased pregnancy loss and malformations. Results from human studies on phthalates and pregnancy loss are inconsistent.MethodsWe exam…

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between urinary paraben concentrations and IVF outcomes among women attending an academic fertility center.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingFertility clinic in a hospital setting.Patient(s)A total o…

BackgroundEvidence from both animal and human studies suggests that exposure to phthalates may be associated with adverse female reproductive outcomes.ObjectiveWe evaluated the associations between urinary concentrations of phthalate metabo…

Study questionAre urinary phthalate metabolites associated with reduced antral follicle growth among women in an infertility setting?Summary answerHigher urinary concentrations of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites were associate…

Study questionAre urinary BPA concentrations associated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes among women attending an academic fertility center?Summary answerUrinary BPA concentrations were not associated with adverse reproductive and…

In this prospective cohort of women undergoing infertility treatments, we measured specific-gravity adjusted urinary BPA (SG-BPA) concentrations and used regression models to evaluate the association of BPA with antral follicle count (AFC),…

BackgroundExposure to bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical widely used in consumer products, has been associated with in vitro Cyp19 gene expression.ObjectiveTo evaluate an in vivo human model of Cyp19 gene expression in granulosa cells.Study desi…

BackgroundParabens are preservatives commonly used in personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and foods. There is documented widespread human exposure to parabens, and some experimental data suggest that they act as estrogenic endocrine di…

Study questionIn women undergoing IVF, are urinary bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations associated with ovarian response and early reproductive outcomes, including oocyte maturation and fertilization, Day 3 embryo quality and blastocyst formati…